Israel
Trade Policy Review: Israel 2018
“Trade Policy Reviews” analyse the trade policies and practices of each member of the WTO. The reviews consist of three parts: an independent report by the WTO Secretariat a report by the government and the concluding remarks by the Chair of the WTO’s Trade Policy Review Body. The opening section - “key trade facts” - provides a visual overview of the WTO member’s major exports/imports main export destinations origins for its imports and other key data. This edition looks into the trade practices of Israel.
Trade Policy Review: Israel 2012
“Trade Policy Reviews” analyse the trade policies and practices of each member of the WTO. The reviews consist of three parts: an independent report by the WTO Secretariat a report by the government and the concluding remarks by the Chair of the WTO’s Trade Policy Review Body. The opening section - “key trade facts” - provides a visual overview of the WTO member’s major exports/imports main export destinations origins for its imports and other key data. This edition looks into the trade practices of Israel.
Report by the WTO Secretariat
Israel has not been spared the effects of the global economic crisis but its financial system has weathered the crisis comparatively well. Since its last TPR in 2006 real GDP growth has averaged around 5% per year only interrupted by a sharp decline in growth in 2009. Recently there are again signs of slowing economic activity. The resilience and stability of the financial system has been attributed inter alia to cautious lending and limited exposure to “toxic” assets by Israeli banks and a conservative supervisory approach by the Bank of Israel. There was no need for any bank bailout or major stimulus programme although the Government has substantially increased its exposure to credit guarantees in order to stimulate exports. Public debt as a percentage of GDP has been reduced (74% in 2011).
Domestic regulation of retail food distribution services in Israel: The missing link between food prices and social protest
This chapter provides a case study tracing the impact of domestic regulation on market structure in the retail distribution services sector and its ultimate effects on consumer food prices. Taking Israel a small and relatively liberalized Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) economy as an example our research investigates whether market concentration and the absence of international competition can be attributed to domestic regulation. We place this discussion in the context of recent consumer-led social protest against the rising cost of food in Israel.
Introduction
The Trade Policy Review Mechanism (TPRM) was first established on a trial basis by the GATT contracting parties in April 1989. The Mechanism became a permanent feature of the World Trade Organization under the Marrakesh Agreement which established the WTO in January 1995.
Report by Israel
The State of Israel is an open industrialized democracy. Since 1990 Israel has seen improvements in most economic indicators. Gross Domestic Product (“GDP”) increased on average by 4.3% annually from 2006 through 2011. This rate has exceeded the average growth rate of advanced economies. In 2009 as most of the world experienced a decline in GDP Israel experienced a 0.8% growth in its GDP.
Concluding Remarks by the Chairperson of the Trade Policy Review Body, H.E. Mr. Eduardo Muñoz Gómez at the Trade Policy Review of Israel 30 October and 1 November 2012
This fourth Trade Policy Review of Israel has given us a better understanding of Israel’s trade policies and practices and how they have evolved since 2006. I wish to thank Deputy Director-General Mr. Ohad Cohen H.E. Mr. Eviatar Manor and the other members of Israel’s delegation for their open and cooperative attitude. I would also like to thank the discussant H.E. Mr. Fook Seng KWOK for his very insightful contribution to these deliberations.
Preface
The Trade Policy Review Mechanism (TPRM) was first established on a trial basis by the GATT CONTRACTING PARTIES in April 1989. The Mechanism became a permanent feature of the World Trade Organization under the Marrakesh Agreement which established the WTO in January 1995.
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