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Trade Policy Review: Jordan 2008
“Trade Policy Reviews” analyse the trade policies and practices of each member of the WTO. The reviews consist of three parts: an independent report by the WTO Secretariat a report by the government and the concluding remarks by the Chair of the WTO’s Trade Policy Review Body. The opening section - “key trade facts” - provides a visual overview of the WTO member’s major exports/imports main export destinations origins for its imports and other key data. This edition looks into the trade practices of Jordan.
Evaluación de la aplicación de la facilitación del comercio en la era del comercio electrónico: análisis comparativo de Jordania, Omán y Hong Kong, China
El surgimiento del comercio electrónico está impulsando importantes cambios en las formas de realizar operaciones de comercio internacional. Ha quedado claro que las mejoras en la aplicación de la facilitación del comercio deben estar respaldadas por sistemas electrónicos. A través del estudio comparativo de una serie de informes publicados por organizaciones internacionales— la Unión Internacional de Telecomunicaciones (UIT) la Organización de Cooperación y Desarrollo Económicos (OCDE) la Conferencia de las Naciones Unidas sobre Comercio y Desarrollo (UNCTAD) y el Banco Mundial— sobre temas de comercio electrónico logística y facilitación del comercio analizamos la situación y el desempeño de Jordania Omán y Hong Kong China. Sobre la base de este análisis Hong Kong China registra una de las mejores prácticas en cuanto a medidas de facilitación del comercio y aduaneras modernas y hemos constatado que la voluntad de las instituciones gubernamentales contribuye a agilizar las disposiciones relativas a la facilitación del comercio. Jordania y Omán emprendieron recientemente reformas para mejorar la facilitación del comercio pero aún deben colmar la brecha que existe entre la política y la práctica en todas las organizaciones gubernamentales en materia de facilitación del comercio y comercio electrónico así como crear capacidades para los ciudadanos. Al mejorar la aplicación de las medidas de facilitación del comercio y aumentar la capacidad de comercio electrónico tal y como lo ha hecho Hong Kong China Jordania y Omán lograrán una prosperidad comercial impulsada por la economía digital mundial.
Assessing trade facilitation implementation in the era of e-commerce: a comparative analysis of Jordan, Oman and Hong Kong, China
The emergence of e-commerce is driving important changes in the ways of conducting international trade. It has become clear that improvements in trade facilitation implementation should be supported by electronic systems. Through a comparative study of a number of reports issued by international organizations – the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) and the World Bank – on topics of e-commerce logistics and trade facilitation we examined the status and performance of Jordan Oman and Hong Kong China. Based on this analysis Hong Kong China shows one of the best practices of modern trade facilitation and customs and we found that governmental willingness is influential in expediting trade facilitation provisions. Jordan and Oman recently made trade reforms to improve trade facilitation but they still need to bridge the gap between policy and actual practice in all governmental organizations in terms of trade facilitation and e-commerce as well as build citizens’ capacity. By improving the implementation of trade facilitation measures and increasing e-commerce capacity as Hong Kong China
The potential economic impact of Aid for Trade in the MENA region: The case of Jordan
Many developing and least-developed countries (LDCs) remain on the margins of global trade attract limited foreign or domestic investment and have achieved only very limited success in the diversification of their supply of goods and services. Within the framework of Aid for Trade (AFT) attempts are being made to explore strategies to connect firms in developing countries and LDCs to international value chains. The World Trade Organization (WTO) has defined AFT as projects and programmes that have been identified as trade development priorities in the recipient country’s national development strategies. The AFT Task Force established in 2006 underlined that clear and agreed benchmarks are necessary for the global monitoring of AFT efforts. The following categories of AFT were identified: trade policy and regulations (including trade facilitation); trade development; trade-related infrastructure; building productive capacity; trade-related adjustment; and other trade-related needs. According to the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) developing countries that have participated in international trade – including trade with other emerging economies – make rapid progress in poverty reduction and job creation (UNDP 2013).
Jordan
This chapter explores how non-state actors (NSAs) seek to influence government policy in relation to the World Trade Organization (WTO) and preferential trade agreements (PTAs) as alternative venues for international trade cooperation. Little research has been done on NSA–government interaction on trade policy development in Jordan and almost no analysis exists that captures and contrasts this interaction in relation to multilateral as opposed to bilateral or plurilateral negotiations. This chapter based on interviews with representatives of government and NSAs focuses on recent developments in Jordan’s trade policy-making. It has found that NSA activity in Jordan is relatively weakly developed compared with the other cases in this study but that it is growing in large part as a result of the influence of international actors including US foreign aid donors and some other international business and civil society organizations (CSOs).