Japan
Trade Policy Review: Japan 2013
“Trade Policy Reviews” analyse the trade policies and practices of each member of the WTO. The reviews consist of three parts: an independent report by the WTO Secretariat a report by the government and the concluding remarks by the Chair of the WTO’s Trade Policy Review Body. The opening section - “key trade facts” - provides a visual overview of the WTO member’s major exports/imports main export destinations origins for its imports and other key data. This edition looks into the trade practices of Japan.
Trade Policy Review: Japan 2011
“Trade Policy Reviews” analyse the trade policies and practices of each member of the WTO. The reviews consist of three parts: an independent report by the WTO Secretariat a report by the government and the concluding remarks by the Chair of the WTO’s Trade Policy Review Body. The opening section - “key trade facts” - provides a visual overview of the WTO member’s major exports/imports main export destinations origins for its imports and other key data. This edition looks into the trade practices of Japan.
Trade Policy Review: Japan 2017
"Trade Policy Reviews" analyse the trade policies and practices of each member of the WTO. The reviews consist of three parts: an independent report by the WTO Secretariat a report by the government and the concluding remarks by the Chair of the WTO’s Trade Policy Review Body. The opening section - "key trade facts" - provides a visual overview of the WTO member's major exports/imports main export destinations origins for its imports and other key data. This edition looks into the trade practices of Japan.
Trade Policy Review: Japan 2009
“Trade Policy Reviews” analyse the trade policies and practices of each member of the WTO. The reviews consist of three parts: an independent report by the WTO Secretariat a report by the government and the concluding remarks by the Chair of the WTO’s Trade Policy Review Body. The opening section - “key trade facts” - provides a visual overview of the WTO member’s major exports/imports main export destinations origins for its imports and other key data. This edition looks into the trade practices of Japan.
Trade Policy Review: Japan 2020
“Trade Policy Reviews" analyse the trade policies and practices of each member of the WTO. The reviews consist of three parts: an independent report by the WTO Secretariat a report by the government and the concluding remarks by the Chair of the WTO’s Trade Policy Review Body. The opening section - "key trade facts" - provides a visual overview of the WTO member's major exports/imports main export destinations origins for its imports and other key data. This edition looks into the trade practices of Japan.
Trade Policy Review: Japan 2015
“Trade Policy Reviews” analyse the trade policies and practices of each member of the WTO. The reviews consist of three parts: an independent report by the WTO Secretariat a report by the government and the concluding remarks by the Chair of the WTO’s Trade Policy Review Body. The opening section - “key trade facts” - provides a visual overview of the WTO member's major exports/imports main export destinations origins for its imports and other key data. This edition looks into the trade practices of Japan.
Preface
The Trade Policy Review Mechanism (TPRM) was first established on a trial basis by the GATT CONTRACTING PARTIES in April 1989. The Mechanism became a permanent feature of the World Trade Organization under the Marrakesh Agreement which established the WTO in January 1995.
Concluding Remarks by the Chairperson of the Trade Policy Review Body, Ms. Irene Young of Hong Kong, China at the Trade Policy Review of Japan, 8 and 10 March 2017
The thirteenth Trade Policy Review of Japan has been a good opportunity for Members to discuss recent developments in the country’s economic trade and investment policies and their implications for international trade. Such a fruitful dialogue would not have been possible without the constructive engagement of the Japanese delegation led by Mr. Tomochika Uyama; their team in Geneva headed by Ambassador Junichi Ihara; our discussant H.E. Ambassador Julian Braithwaite from the United Kingdom; and all those Members who had participated in this exercise.
Report by the WTO Secretariat
During the review period Japan’s economic performance remained sluggish in light of among others persistently low inflation and an aging and declining population. The series of natural disasters that hit the country in recent years further hampered the economy and put increased pressure on public finances. The authorities have responded with extensive policy measures with a view to boosting business and consumer confidence and consolidating public finances. The Government’s three-pillar strategy of monetary easing fiscal stimulus and structural reforms (in areas such as agriculture energy and healthcare) continues to be the main strategy framework for exiting deflation and revitalizing the country’s economy.
Report by Japan
The Japanese economy has continued to recover moderately since November 2012 on the back of improvements in the employment and income environments. Nominal GDP real GDP and the GDP deflator in FY2015 grew simultaneously from the previous year for the first time in 18 years. The current administration’s economic policies "Abenomics" are still at about the halfway point but progress has been made in reviving economic activities and overcoming deflation as a whole. However the domestic economy lacks momentum in private consumption and business fixed investment in spite of improving corporate profits employment and income. Major risks are still attached to the uncertainty over the global economy including emerging economies.
Concluding remarks by the Chairperson of the Trade Policy Review Body, H.E. Eduardo Munõz Gómez at the Trade Policy Review of Japan 19 and 21 February 2013
This eleventh Trade Policy Review of Japan has provided an excellent opportunity for all of us to improve our understanding of Japan’s trade and related policies. Our discussions have benefited from the active participation of the Japanese delegation led by Ambassador H.E. Mr Jun Yokota from Tokyo and Ambassador H.E. Mr Yoichi Otabe from Geneva the informative and thought-provoking presentation and interventions by the discussant Ambassador H.E. Mr Jonathan Fried of Canada and the many interventions by Members. Japan’s answers to the large number of questions made available before the beginning of this meeting are well appreciated.
Preface
The Trade Policy Review Mechanism (TPRM) was first established on a trial basis by the GATT CONTRACTING PARTIES in April 1989. The Mechanism became a permanent feature of the World Trade Organization under the Marrakesh Agreement which established the WTO in January 1995.
Introduction
The Trade Policy Review Mechanism (TPRM) was first established on a trial basis by the GATT contracting parties in April 1989. The Mechanism became a permanent feature of the World Trade Organization under the Marrakesh Agreement which established the WTO in January 1995.
Concluding Remarks by the Chairperson of the Trade Policy Review Body, H.E. Mr. Harald Aspelund of Iceland at the Trade Policy Review of Japan, 6 and 8 July 2020.
Despite the COVID-19-related meeting constraints the fourteenth Trade Policy Review of Japan has offered us a good opportunity to deepen our understanding of recent developments in and challenges to its trade economic and investment policies. Since its last TPR in 2017 Japan’s initiatives to maintain its position in the multilateral trading system and take advantage of the opportunities it offers have been greatly appreciated. Indeed the about 753 advance written questions submitted by 32 Members and the 50 delegations that took the floor during the first and second day underline the importance attached by Members to Japan’s trade and investment policies and practices.
Preface
The Trade Policy Review Mechanism (TPRM) was first established on a trial basis by the GATT CONTRACTING PARTIES in April 1989. The Mechanism became a permanent feature of the World Trade Organization under the Marrakesh Agreement which established the WTO in January 1995.
Report by the WTO Secretariat
Since Japan’s previous Trade Policy Review in 2011 there has been little change in its trade and related policies. Nonetheless the simple average MFN applied tariff rate has increased due partly to a rise in the average ad valorem equivalents of non-ad valorem duties. Also Japan has adopted more international standards.
The Rise of the People’s Republic of China and Its Competition Effects on Innovation in Japan
As a reaction to import competition from low-wage economies firms in developed economies would respond by upgrading their innovative activities leading to so-called defensive skill-biased innovation. In this chapter we examine this “defensive innovation” hypothesis which was first discussed in Wood (1994) and subsequently formalized in Thoenig and Verdier (2003). In a broader context the effect of competition on the rate of innovation has been one of the most studied areas in the literature (e.g. Aghion et al. 2005). In the study most relevant to our work Bloom Draca and Van Reenen (2016) found that a large sample of European firms increased a wide range of their innovative activities (patenting research and development [R&D] expenditures computer use and total factor productivity growth) driven by intensified competition from the People’s Republic of China. This innovation was conducted within-firm.
Introduction
The Trade Policy Review Mechanism (TPRM) was first established on a trial basis by the GATT contracting parties in April 1989. The Mechanism became a permanent feature of the World Trade Organization under the Marrakesh Agreement which established the WTO in January 1995.
Report by Japan
The Japanese economy which had been in an expansionary phase since March 2009 was temporarily stagnated by the Great East Japan Earthquake in March 2011 mainly due to a sharp decline in production and private consumption. After that the economy picked up as the supply chains of production activities were gradually re-established. In the first half of 2012 the Japanese economy was on the way to recovery at a moderate pace mainly driven by domestic demand including reconstruction demand although it has sounded a weak tone recently due to the deceleration of the world economy. Regarding prices the Japanese economy is in a mild deflationary phase although the tempo of deflation has been slower.
Introduction
The Trade Policy Review Mechanism (TPRM) was first established on a trial basis by the GATT contracting parties in April 1989. The Mechanism became a permanent feature of the World Trade Organization under the Marrakesh Agreement which established the WTO in January 1995.
Estados Unidos - Medidas antidumping sobre determinados productos de acero laminado en caliente originarios del Japón
El 28 de febrero de 2001 la OMC hizo público el informe del Grupo especial sobre el caso “Estados Unidos - Medidas antidumping sobre determinados productos de acero laminado en caliente originarios del Japón”.
European communities and certain member states - Measures affecting trade in large civil aircraft (Boeing - Airbus) - Recourse 2
On 2 December 2019 the WTO circulated the compliance panel report in the case brought by the European Union in “European Communities and Certain Member States - Measures Affecting Trade in Large Civil Aircraft - Recourse to Article 21.5 of the DSU by the EU” (DS316)
Japon - Droits compensateurs visant les mémoires RAM dynamiques en provenance de Corée
Le 13 juillet 2007 l’OMC a publié le rapport du Groupe spécial dans l’affaire “Japon - Droits compensateurs visant les mémoires RAM dynamiques en provenance de Corée”.
Estados Unidos - Medidas compensatorias sobre la madera blanda procedente del Canadá
El 24 de agosto de 2020 la OMC distribuyó el informe del Grupo Especial que entendió en la diferencia planteada por el Canadá a saber “Estados Unidos — Medidas compensatorias sobre la madera blanda procedente del Canadá” (DS533).
Brasil - Determinadas medidas relativas a la tributación y las cargas
El 13 de diciembre 2018 el Órgano de Apelación de la OMC emitió su informe sobre los asuntos planteados por la Unión Europea y el Japón “Brasil — Determinadas medidas relativas a la tributación y las cargas” (DS472 y DS497).
European Union - Cost Adjustment Methodologies and Certain Anti-Dumping Measures on Imports from Russia - (Second complaint)
On 24 July 2020 the WTO circulated the dispute panel report in the case brought by the Russian Federation in “European Union - Cost Adjustment Methodologies and Certain Anti-Dumping Measures on Imports from Russia - Second complaint)” (DS494).
Japón - Impuestos sobre las bebidas alcohólicas
El 11 de julio de 1996 la OMC hizo público el informe del Grupo especial sobre el caso “Japón - Impuestos sobre las bebidas alcohólicas”.
Canadá - Determinadas medidas que afectan a la industria del automóvil
El 11 de febrero de 2000 la OMC hizo público el informe del Grupo especial sobre el caso “Canadá - Determinadas medidas que afectan a la industria del automóvil”.
Inde - Mesures liées aux exportations
Le 31 octobre 2019 l’OMC a distribué le rapport du Groupe spécial chargé d’examiner l’affaire introduite par les États-Unis “Inde — Mesures liées aux exportations” (DS541).