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Trade Policy Review: Mozambique 2017
“Trade Policy Reviews" analyse the trade policies and practices of each member of the WTO. The reviews consist of three parts: an independent report by the WTO Secretariat a report by the government and the concluding remarks by the Chair of the WTO’s Trade Policy Review Body. The opening section - "key trade facts" - provides a visual overview of the WTO member's major exports/imports main export destinations origins for its imports and other key data. This edition looks into the trade practices of Mozambique.
Trade Policy Review: Mozambique 2009
“Trade Policy Reviews” analyse the trade policies and practices of each member of the WTO. The reviews consist of three parts: an independent report by the WTO Secretariat a report by the government and the concluding remarks by the Chair of the WTO’s Trade Policy Review Body. The opening section - “key trade facts” - provides a visual overview of the WTO member’s major exports/imports main export destinations origins for its imports and other key data. This edition looks into the trade practices of Mozambique.
Report by the WTO Secretariat
The reforms pursued by Mozambique since its first Trade Policy Review in 2001have contributed to high economic growth of 8.7% on average per year during 2001-07 driven mainly by megaprojects financed by foreign direct investment and public spending largely financed by foreign aid. Mozambique remains committed to pursuing prudent fiscal and monetary policies. It has made efforts to reduce its public deficit (after arrears clearance and on cash basis) from 6.17% of GDP in 2001 to 3.9% in 2007 through improved expenditure management and tax administration and collection. Since its 2006 reform which introduced the New Metical as the national currency the Bank of Mozambique has maintained a restrictive monetary policy with “price stability” as the major goal since 2007. Nevertheless the rising oil and cereal prices on international markets have adversely affected Mozambique’s attempt to keep inflation at around 6-6.5%; the Consumer Price Index (CPI) for the capital city of Maputo recorded an annual rate of increase of 10.26% in December 2007.
Introduction
The Trade Policy Review Mechanism (TPRM) was first established on a trial basis by the GATT contracting parties in April 1989. The Mechanism became a permanent feature of the World Trade Organization under the Marrakesh Agreement which established the WTO in January 1995.
Report by Mozambique
The Government of the Republic of Mozambique is pleased to submit its Third Trade Policy Report to its fellow WTO Members.
Report by the WTO Secretariat
Mozambique shares many of the problems of resource-rich countries with a fragile development model excessively focused on extractives and major projects. It has undoubted potential but faces considerable challenges: a lack of qualified workers; a limited internal market; infrastructure insufficiencies; a costly business environment; limited economic diversification; a high dependency on imports; increasing debt levels; a narrow tax base; and limited capacity for domestic resource mobilization.
Preface
The Trade Policy Review Mechanism (TPRM) was first established on a trial basis by the GATT CONTRACTING PARTIES in April 1989. The Mechanism became a permanent feature of the World Trade Organization under the Marrakesh Agreement which established the WTO in January 1995.
Report by Mozambique
Mozambique has produced positive economic results over the last decade. The economic environment has been transformed. Mozambique has a low diversified economy. It is dependent from agriculture. Mozambique recorded an average annual per capita income of US$362 in 2006 and this is estimated to have been US$466 in 2008. A combination of several factors: political stability economic reforms foreign investment flows the gradual integration into regional markets and continued international donor support have created the conditions for high economic growth rates recorded in recent years.
Concluding remarks by the Chairperson of the Trade Policy Review Body
The third Trade Policy Review of Mozambique has allowed us to have a better understanding of Mozambique’s trade and investment policies as well as the changes introduced to them since the previous review in 2009. Our discussion was greatly facilitated by the constructive participation of the Mozambique delegation headed by H.E. Ernesto Max Tonela Minister of Industry and Trade the discussant H.E. Ambassador Christopher Onyanga Aparr of Uganda and the 31 Members who had taken the floor.
Concluding Remarks by the Chairperson of the Trade Policy Review Body, H.E. Mr. Istvan Major at the Trade Policy Review of Mozambique 22 and 24 April 2009
This second Trade Policy Review of Mozambique has provided us with a much better understanding of its trade and trade-related policies and of the challenges it faces. Our dialogue has been thorough and comprehensive stimulated by the full and open engagement of his Excellency António Fernando Minister of Industry and Trade and his delegation as well as the insightful comments made by the discussant and the pertinent interventions by many Members.