Russian Federation

“Trade Policy Reviews" analyse the trade policies and practices of each member of the WTO. The reviews consist of three parts: an independent report by the WTO Secretariat, a report by the government, and the concluding remarks by the Chair of the WTO’s Trade Policy Review Body. The opening section - "key trade facts" - provides a visual overview of the WTO member's major exports/imports, main export destinations, origins for its imports and other key data. This edition looks into the trade practices of Russian Federation.

The Trade Policy Review Mechanism (TPRM) was first established on a trial basis by the GATT contracting parties in April 1989. The Mechanism became a permanent feature of the World Trade Organization under the Marrakesh Agreement which established the WTO in January 1995.

The working party on the accession of Russia was the biggest and longest in WTO accession history. A big power that decides to join an international organisation, even if this is the WTO, cannot avoid political burdens. No big country can stay apart from world politics. The WTO accession process is tough, demanding and complex, with no clear rules. This raises questions about length, fairness and lack of procedural clarity. Yet it is risky to stay outside the rules-based multilateral trading system. To navigate the WTO accession process, upfront, it is critical to define a negotiating strategy and plan the end-game well in advance – a process that requires mobilisation of all negotiating resources, concentration and focus. Domestically, the challenge for the acceding government is to state a clear rationale for accession, demonstrate that there will be real benefits from accession or at a minimum, that there will be no negative consequences, and define red lines to be defended. Negotiating positions should be aligned with requirements for domestic reform. Strong and consistent political will and leadership with support from the parliamentary majority are necessary to conclude any accession negotiations. WTO accession may, in itself, play neither a negative nor a positive role for domestic economic developments, but by becoming a member, a country will obtain benefits in the medium and long term, through the creation of better terms for its trade within the WTO itself. In this chapter, Russia’s practical experience of its accession negotiation, the obstacles encountered, its assessment of the benefits of accession, including lessons learned during the process, are described.

El 24 de agosto de 2020, la OMC distribuyó el informe del Grupo Especial que entendió en la diferencia planteada por el Canadá, a saber, “Estados Unidos — Medidas compensatorias sobre la madera blanda procedente del Canadá” (DS533).

On 24 July 2020 the WTO circulated the dispute panel report in the case brought by the Russian Federation in “European Union - Cost Adjustment Methodologies and Certain Anti-Dumping Measures on Imports from Russia - Second complaint)” (DS494).

El 10 de agosto de 2018, la OMC hizo público el informe del Grupo especial sobre el caso “Unión europea y sus estados miembros - Determinadas medidas relativas a al sector de la energía”.

On 31 October 2019 the WTO circulated the panel report in the case brought by the United States in “India — Export Related Measures” (DS541).

Le 4 décembre 2019, l’OMC a distribué le rapport du Groupe spécial dans l’affaire “Australie - Mesures antidumping visant le papier pour copie A4” (DS529), introduite par l’Indonésie.

El 31 de octubre de 2019, la OMC distribuyó el informe del Grupo Especial enncargado de examinar el asunto “India — Medidas relacionadas con la exportación” (DS541), planteado por los Estados Unidos.

El 9 de abril de 2019 la OMC distribuyó el informe del Grupo Especial encargado de la reclamación presentada por el Canadá en la diferencia “Estados Unidos - Medidas antidumping que aplican el método de fijación de precios diferenciales a la madera blanda procedente del Canadá” (DS534).

On 9 April 2019 the WTO circulated the panel report in the case brought by Canada in “United States - Anti-Dumping Measures Applying Differential Pricing Methodology to Softwood Lumber from Canada” (DS534).

Le 11 juillet 2019, l’OMC a distribué deux rapports de groupes spéciaux concernant les affaires “Canada — Droits additionnels visant certains produits en provenance des États-Unis” (DS557) et “Mexique — Droits additionnels visant certains produits en provenance des États-Unis” (DS560) introduites par les États-Unis.

On 4 December 2019 the WTO circulated the dispute panel report in the case brought by Indonesia in “Australia - Anti-Dumping Measures On A4 Copy Paper” (DS529).

El 15 de septiembre de 2020, la OMC distribuyó el informe del Grupo Especial encargado del asunto planteado por China en la diferencia “Estados Unidos — Medidas arancelarias sobre determinados productos procedentes de China” (DS543).

On 8 April 2014, the European Union requested consultations with the Russian Federation concerning certain measures adopted by the Russian Federation affecting the importation of live pigs and their genetic material, pork, pork products and certain other commodities from the European Union, purportedly because of concerns related to cases of African swine fever. The European Union claims that the measures at issue are inconsistent with: - Articles 2.2, 2.3, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 5.4, 5.5, 5.6, 5.7, 6.1, 6.2, 6.3, 7, 8, Annex B, and Annex C of the SPS Agreement; and - Articles I:1, III:4 and XI:1 of the GATT 1994.

On 28 March 2017, the WTO issued the panel report in the case brought by China in “European Union - Measures Affecting Tariff Concessions on Certain Poultry Meat Products”.

El 23 de febrero de 2017, el Órgano de Apelación hizo público el informe sobre el caso “Federación de Rusia - Medidas relativas a la importación de porcinos vivos, carne de porcino y otros productos de porcino procedentes de la Unión Europea”.

El 22 de marzo de 2018, el Órgano de Apelación hizo público el informe sobre el caso “Rusia - Derechos antidumping sobre los vehículos comerciales ligeros procedentes de Alemania e Italia”.

On 2 September 2021 the WTO circulated the panel report in the case brought by China in “United States — Safeguard Measure on Imports of Crystalline Silicon Photovoltaic Products” (DS562).

Le 20 juillet, l’OMC a distribué le rapport du Groupe spécial dans l’affaire engagée par la Russie “Ukraine — Mesures antidumping visant le nitrate d’ammonium” (DS493).

Le 23 février 2017, l’Organe d’appel de l’OMC a publié son rapport dans l’affaire “Fédération de Russie — Mesures visant l’importation de porcins vivants, de viande de porc et d’autres produits du porc en provenance de l’Union européenne” (DS475).

El 11 de julio 2019, la OMC distribuyó los dos informes de los asuntos planteados por los Estados Unidos: “Canadá — Derechos adicionales sobre determinados productos procedentes de los Estados Unidos” (DS557) y “México — Derechos adicionales sobre determinados productos procedentes de los Estados Unidos” (DS560).

El 30 de julio de 2018, la OMC hizo público el informe del Grupo especial sobre el caso “Rusia - Medidas que afectan a la importación de equipo ferroviario y sus partes”.