WTO Working Papers
WTO working papers usually represent research in progress. Such research may be conducted in the preparation of WTO Secretariat reports, studies or other material for WTO members. The papers are circulated for comment because the WTO considers critical review of professional research to be extremely important.
- ISSN: 25189808 (online)
- https://doi.org/10.30875/4445c521-en
Trade in Tasks, Tariff Policy and Effective Protection Rates
Albeit nominal tariffs have been decreasing in the past decades, the rise of global manufacturing along global value chains lead to their accumulation along the international supply chain. The calculation of effective protection rates provides important insights on the impact of nominal protection on the international competitiveness of industries in a trade in tasks perspective. Building on the results of the OECD-WTO Trade in Value-Added TiVAdatabase, the paper analyses the evolution of effective protection in about 50 developed and developing countries from 1995 to 2008. The paper reviews also the role of preferential agreements on effective protection as well as the impact of tariffs on the production costs of services. A final chapter is dedicated to exploring the underlying patterns that may exist beyond the EPR profiles.
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