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La Ronda Uruguay
Reflexiones de los principales participantes
La conclusión satisfactoria de la Ronda Uruguay en 1994 dio origen a la mayor reforma del sistema mundial de comercio desde el establecimiento del Acuerdo General sobre Aranceles Aduaneros y Comercio (GATT) al final de la segunda guerra mundial. La Ronda se lanzó en septiembre de 1986 en Punta del Este (Uruguay) y congregó a 123 países con el objetivo de ampliar el sistema de comercio a varios nuevos ámbitos, entre ellos el comercio de servicios y la propiedad intelectual, y de reformar el comercio en sectores sensibles, como la agricultura. La firma del Acta Final en Marrakech (Marruecos) en abril de 1994 condujo a la creación de la Organización Mundial del Comercio (OMC) el 1 de enero de 1995. Para conmemorar el 40º aniversario del inicio de la Ronda Uruguay, esta publicación reúne contribuciones de algunos de los principales actores que tomaron parte en el éxito de la Ronda. Los colaboradores, procedentes de todo el mundo, comparten sus recuerdos personales de las negociaciones y sus reflexiones sobre la importancia de la Ronda.
Le Cycle d’Uruguay
Réflexions des acteurs clés
L’aboutissement du Cycle d’Uruguay en 1994 a conduit à la réforme du système commercial mondial la plus importante depuis l’établissement de l’Accord général sur les tarifs douaniers et le commerce (GATT) à la fin de la Seconde Guerre mondiale. Le Cycle a été lancé en septembre 1986 à Punta del Este (Uruguay), réunissant 123 pays en vue d’élargir le système commercial à plusieurs nouveaux domaines, y compris le commerce des services et la propriété intellectuelle, et de réformer le commerce dans des secteurs sensibles tels que l’agriculture. La signature de l’Acte final à Marrakech (Maroc), en avril 1994, a conduit à la création de l’Organisation mondiale du commerce (OMC) le 1er janvier 1995. Pour marquer le 40ème anniversaire du lancement du Cycle d’Uruguay, la présente publication rassemble des contributions de certains des principaux acteurs du succès de ce cycle. Les contributeurs - originaires du monde entier - partagent leurs souvenirs personnels des négociations et témoignent de l’importance du Cycle d’Uruguay.
The Uruguay Round
Reflections by key players
The successful conclusion of the Uruguay Round in 1994 brought about the biggest reform of the world’s trading system since the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) was created at the end of the Second World War. The Round was launched in September 1986 in Punta del Este, Uruguay, bringing together 123 countries to extend the trading system into several new areas, including trade in services and intellectual property, and to reform trade in sensitive sectors, such as agriculture. The signing of the Final Act in Marrakesh, Morocco, in April 1994 led to the establishment of the World Trade Organization (WTO) on 1 January 1995. To mark the 40th anniversary of the launch of the Uruguay Round, this publication brings together contributions from some of the key players in the successful conclusion of the Uruguay Round. The contributors – from around the globe - share their personal recollections of the negotiations and reflect on the significance of the Round.
Export promotion strategies for services
Lessons from the developing world
As services play an increasingly important role in the global economy and international trade, developing economies face an urgent challenge: how to build competitive service sectors and leverage them as engines of growth, employment and resilience. Yet, most export promotion initiatives remain largely designed for goods. Drawing on nine in-depth country case studies from Africa, Asia, Latin America and the Caribbean, “Export Promotion Strategies for Services” provides a comprehensive examination of what works — and what does not — in promoting services exports. From Costa Rica’s investment-led digital transformation and the Philippines’ business process management boom to Uruguay’s information technology success and Jamaica’s creative industries, the book distils practical lessons on strengthening institutional cooperation, attracting investment, developing skills, enhancing branding, and promoting public-private collaboration. The policy insights and on-the-ground experience provided by this publication makes it an essential guide for policymakers, trade and investment promotion agencies, and researchers seeking to harness the growing opportunities of the global services economy.