Market access
Acknowledgements
Acknowledgements are due to all the data providers, mostly national administrations or WTO delegations who have made this information available including through notifications presented as a special topic. In a number of cases, data has been made available on national websites or through regional organizations. Given the vast amount of statistical data and metadata that needed to be processed, and because this information is not available in one single organization, this publication was only possible as a joint effort of the WTO, ITC, and UNCTAD. Each of the three organizations has a proven track record and comparative strengths in the field of tariff analysis.
Introduction
WTO members utilize a wide range of measures, such as prohibitions, export licences, regulations and other controls, to assist in risk management and regulating trade in controlled and sensitive goods. Examples include measures for fulfilling specific environmental objectives, the management of hazardous wastes and chemicals, combating illicit drugs and harmful substances, contributing to international peace and weapons controls, and regulating trade in cultural property. Many of these export licences and controls are established pursuant to international agreements and conventions focused on these specific areas and are the result of many years of international cooperation in the respective fields.
Acknowledgments
This publication was coordinated by Roy Santana and Adeet Dobhal of the WTO Market Access Division. The coordinators are grateful to the Office of the Director-General for their cooperation, former Deputy Director-General Anabel González and Suja Rishikesh Mavroidis, Director of the Market Access Division, for their encouragement, constant support and guidance.