Trade monitoring
La teoría del comercio y los recursos naturales
En la presente sección se examinan las características fundamentales del comercio de recursos naturales desde una perspectiva teórica. ¿Constituye el comercio un mecanismo eficiente para garantizar el acceso a los recursos naturales? ¿Qué efectos tiene el comercio en los recursos finitos o agotables, incluso en condiciones de “acceso libre”, en que los recursos naturales son de propiedad y acceso comunes? ¿Tiene el comercio efectos en el medio ambiente? ¿Agrava el comercio los problemas relacionados con la predominancia de los recursos en determinadas economías o los reduce? ¿Y de qué forma afecta el comercio a la volatilidad de los precios de los recursos? A estas preguntas generales se responde analizando las pertinentes publicaciones teóricas sobre los factores determinantes y los efectos del comercio de recursos naturales.
Cooperación con otras organizaciones internacionales
En 2013, la OMC cooperó con varias organizaciones intergubernamentales, como las Naciones Unidas, la Organización de Cooperación y Desarrollo Económicos (OCDE), el Fondo Monetario Internacional (FMI) y el Banco Mundial. La OMC publicó, con la Conferencia de las Naciones Unidas sobre Comercio y Desarrollo (UNCTAD) y la OCDE, informes conjuntos sobre la evolución del comercio y la inversión en los países del G-20.
Evolución de las políticas comerciales
En el siguiente capítulo se examina la evolución reciente de las políticas comerciales de los gobiernos. Se basa en las notificaciones presentadas por los Miembros de la OMC, los informes de vigilancia del comercio de la OMC, un panorama general de las tendencias con respecto a las nuevas medidas de política comercial aplicadas por los Miembros de la OMC y sus compromisos en el marco del Acuerdo sobre Facilitación del Comercio, que entró en vigor en febrero de 2017.
Specific notes for selected economies
Beginning with the 2002 report, EU data compiled according to national statistical practices have been replaced, starting 1993, with data compiled by Eurostat in accordance with EU legislation. The concepts and definitions adopted by the EU are in line with the United Nations’ International Trade Statistics, Concepts and Definitions, Series M, N° 52, Revision 2. As a result, the conceptual differences between EU member states’ data have been substantially reduced. Moreover, for the EU as a whole, Eurostat data are more timely than the previous source, thus reducing substantially the amount of estimation included in the EU aggregate.
Introduction
The Trade Policy Review Mechanism (TPRM) was first established on a trial basis by the GATT contracting parties in April 1989. The Mechanism became a permanent feature of the World Trade Organization under the Marrakesh Agreement which established the WTO in January 1995.
Comercio y medio ambiente
En 2013, el Comité de Comercio y Medio Ambiente recibió y examinó información sobre la evolución de distintos aspectos de la política ambiental, desde los sistemas de cálculo de la huella ambiental y de etiquetado, con inclusión de la huella de carbono, hasta las iniciativas de política en favor de una economía verde y los acuerdos multilaterales sobre el medio ambiente que contienen disposiciones relacionadas con el comercio. La Secretaría de la OMC publicó las Bases de Datos sobre Medio Ambiente de 2010 y 2011, y actualizó la “Matriz de las medidas relacionadas con el comercio adoptadas en el marco de determinados Acuerdos Multilaterales sobre el Medio Ambiente”.
Concluding remarks by the Chairperson of the Trade Policy Review Body, H.E. Mr. Manuel A.J. Teehankee of the Philippines at the Trade Policy Review of Costa Rica, 18 and 20 September 2019.
This fifth Trade Policy Review of Costa Rica has allowed us to deepen our understanding of Costa Rica’s trade and investment regime since its last review in 2013. I would like to thank H.E. Mr. Duayner Salas, Vice Minister of Foreign Trade of Costa Rica, as well as Ambassador Gloria Abraham, and the rest of the Costa Rican delegation, for their active and constructive participation. I would also like to thank Ambassador Mikael Anzén, Permanent Representative of Sweden to the WTO, for his remarks as discussant, which were instrumental in framing our discussions, as well as to the 33 delegations that took the floor during this meeting. Costa Rica has provided comprehensive written responses to almost all of the 350 advance written questions posed by Members.
Trade and development
In 2011, the Committee on Trade and Development (CTD) agreed a number of ways to implement transparency requirements for preferential trade agreements (PTAs), under which three notifications of new PTAs were received. Other issues discussed by the CTD and its Sub-Committee on Least-Developed Countries (LDCs) included capacitybuilding initiatives, market access for LDCs, the Aid for Trade initiative and the WTO’s technical assistance activities.
Introduction
The Trade Policy Review Mechanism (TPRM) was first established on a trial basis by the GATT contracting parties in April 1989. The Mechanism became a permanent feature of the World Trade Organization under the Marrakesh Agreement which established the WTO in January 1995.
Concluding Remarks by the Chairperson of The Trade Policy Review Body, H.E. Mr. Eduardo Muñoz Gómez at the Trade Policy Review of the East African Community 21 and 23 November 2012
This second joint Trade Policy Review of the East African Community (EAC) countries has allowed us to situate the five countries’ trade and trade-related policies and practices in their socio-economic context. We are grateful for the active participation of the delegations headed respectively by H.E. Mr. Pierre Claver NDAYIRAGIJE, Ambassador, Permanent Representative of Burundi to the WTO; H.E. Dr. Tom MBOYA OKEYO, Ambassador, Permanent Representative of Kenya to the WTO; H.E. Mrs. Soline NYIRAHABMANA, Ambassador, Permanent Representative of Rwanda to the WTO; H.E. Dr. William A. MGIMWA, Finance Minister of the United Republic of Tanzania; H.E. Mr. Peter KAGIMU KIWANUKA, Ambassador, Permanent Representative of Uganda to the WTO. I would also like to thank the discussant, H.E. Mr. Yi Xiaozhun, Ambassador and Permanent Representative of China to the WTO, and Members of the TPRB for contributing to our fruitful exchange of views, as well as the EAC Secretariat for its assistance to its members during this review process.