Trade monitoring
Concluding Remarks by the Chairperson of the Trade Policy Review Body, H.E. Mr. Mario Matus at the Trade Policy Review of Turkey 21 and 23 February 2012
This fifth Trade Policy Review of the Republic of Turkey has been an excellent opportunity for us all to improve our understanding of Turkey’s trade and trade-related policies and practices and how they have evolved since the previous review in 2007. We are grateful for the active participation of the Turkish delegation headed by H.E. Mr. Cemalettin Damlaci, Deputy Undersecretary at the Ministry of Economy. I would also like to thank the discussant, H.E. Ambassador István Major of Hungary, and Members of the TPRB for contributing to our fruitful exchange of views.
Introducción
Esta publicación ha sido elaborada bajo la dirección de Robert Koopman, Director de la División de Estudios Económicos y Estadística, y la Sección de Estadísticas del Comercio Internacional. La coordinación del informe corrió a cargo de Christophe Degain y Florian Eberth. En la investigación estadística, la recopilación de datos y el cálculo de las estimaciones participaron Barbara d’Andrea Adrian, Shradha Bhatia, Lori Chang, Christophe Degain, Florian Eberth, Zineb Haj Nassar, Coleman Nee, Steen Wettstein y Ying Yan.
Supply chains and business models
While the term “business model” might seem ubiquitous today, its use only arose in the 1990s with the information and communications technology (ICT) revolution. Since then, the business model literature has advanced definitions and conceptualisations that describe, and prescribe, a range of supply chain architectures. In the age of network competition, the business model concept now rests upon the focal unit of the supply chain and no longer upon the individual firm. Theory has emerged to aid the practitioner in designing supply chains and in understanding the latest business models. While not as directly relevant, policy makers also stand to gain from this literature in understanding the considerations that businesses take into account for their business design decisions.
Trade in goods
The Council for Trade in Goods addressed a large number of trade concerns in 2015, reflecting its increasing role as a forum for airing concerns about measures, policies and practices considered potentially discriminatory or trade-restricting. It also considered a number of waiver requests and took note of an updated and comprehensive list of notifications submitted by WTO members. The Philippines delivered a statement about the obstacles faced by micro, small, and medium-sized enterprises in participating in regional and global markets. Colombia presented the conclusions of a panel on illicit trade and money laundering.
Commerce des marchandises des Membres de l’OMC par région, 2005-2015
L’Asie, l’Europe et l’Amérique du Nord ont représenté 88% du commerce des marchandises des Membres de l’OMC au cours des dix dernières années.
Trade-related aspects of intellectual property rights (TRIPS)
The TRIPS Council continued its discussion on topics such as access to medicines for the poorest countries, promotion of transparency and least-developed countries’ needs for assistance as part of its regular review of intellectual property (IP) matters. The Council also exchanged information on and debated a number of policy issues raised by individual countries, such as national innovation strategies and the role of IP in fostering market-based innovation.
Report by Mauritania
The Islamic Republic of Mauritania is situated in north-west Africa, covering an area of 1,031,000 km2 - four fifths of which are desert - and has a population of 3.2 million. Population density is around three inhabitants per square kilometre. The annual rate of demographic growth is approximately 3 per cent, life expectancy is 56.6 years and the literacy rate among adults (over 15 years old) is 55.8 per cent.