Trade monitoring
Exámenes de las políticas comerciales
En 2012, el Órgano de Examen de las Políticas Comerciales (OEPC) examinó las políticas de 26 Miembros de la OMC: Reino de la Arabia Saudita, Bangladesh, Burundi, China, Colombia, República de Corea Côte d’Ivoire, Emiratos Árabes Unidos, Estados Unidos, Filipinas, Guinea-Bissau, Islandia, Israel, Kenya, Estado de Kuwait, Nepal, Nicaragua, Noruega, Rwanda, Singapur, Tanzanía, Togo, Trinidad y Tabago, Turquía, Uganda y Uruguay. Los informes por países y las observaciones formuladas por el Presidente a modo de conclusión en las reuniones del OEPC figuran en el sitio Web de la OMC. El OEPC también empezó a aplicar las recomendaciones de la cuarta evaluación del Mecanismo de Examen de las Políticas Comerciales (MEPC).
The Trade Facilitation Agreement and its impacts on the Brazilian transformation industry
The WTO Agreement on Trade Facilitation (TFA) will have a great impact on and could unlock important potential for the Brazilian transformation industry. As a developing country, Brazil would have to make significant changes in its legislation in order to adopt a single window (“Portal Único”) for exporters and importers. This chapter concludes that the TFA will have a positive impact on the Brazilian economy in the years to come. Indeed, as Brazil is one of the world’s 10 largest economies, its Portal Único Programme has the potential, once fully implemented, to produce significant impacts on the Brazilian economy, increasing GDP by nearly US$ 70 billion per year in the long term. Empirical analyses in this chapter also suggest that the reduction of transaction costs may have positive effects not only for Brazil but also for many other WTO members.
Minutes of the TPRB meeting
The Chairperson welcomed members of the Trade Policy Review Body to the ninth Review of the United States. He greeted the delegation of the United States led by H.E. Ambassador Peter Allgeier, Permanent Representative to the WTO, and the discussant, H.E. Ambassador Claudia Uribe (Colombia). The discussant had made available, in document WT/TPR/D/175, the main issues she intended to raise.
Executive summary
Natural resources represent a significant and growing share of world trade, and properly managed, can provide a variety of products that contribute greatly to the quality of human life. They also present particular challenges for policy makers.
Introduction
En 2010, le commerce mondial a enregistré une augmentation annuelle sans précédent : les exportations de marchandises ont fait un bond de 14,5 pour cent, soutenues par une reprise de 3,6 pour cent de la production mondiale mesurée par le produit intérieur brut (PIB) (voir la figure 1). La croissance de la production et du commerce a été plus rapide dans les pays en développement que dans les pays développés. Les exportations en volume (c’est-à-dire en termes réels, compte tenu des variations des prix et des taux de change) ont progressé de 13 pour cent dans les pays développés, et de près de 17 pour cent dans les pays en développement. L’écart entre les pays développés et les pays en développement a été encore plus marqué du côté des importations, celles des pays développés ayant augmenté de 11 pour cent, contre 18 pour cent dans le reste du monde.
Trade, debt and finance
In 2012, the trade and finance agenda moved forward, in line with the deep interest of the international community in this matter. For example, the WTO Working Group on Trade, Debt and Finance continued its examination of the relationship between exchange rates and trade by holding a high-level seminar in March involving key policy-makers and academics.
Introduction
The Trade Policy Review Mechanism (TPRM) was first established on a trial basis by the GATT contracting parties in April 1989. The Mechanism became a permanent feature of the World Trade Organization under the Marrakesh Agreement which established the WTO in January 1995.
Trade in commercial services
In 2015, world trade in commercial services was down by 6 per cent, with some regions experiencing significant declines. In the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS), exports dropped by 16 per cent and imports by 23 per cent, reflecting a contraction in services trade in the Russian Federation and the depreciation of the Russian rouble against the US dollar.
Actividad de solución de diferencias en 2012
Los Miembros de la OMC presentaron 27 notificaciones de “solicitud de celebración de consultas” en 2012, más del triple de las recibidas en 2011. La solicitud de celebración de consultas es la primera etapa del procedimiento de solución de diferencias.