Trade monitoring
Composition of geographical and economic groupings
WTO members are frequently referred to as “country”, although some members are not countries in the usual sense of the word but are officially “customs territories”. The definition of geographical and other groupings in this report does not imply an expression of opinion by the Secretariat concerning the status of any country or territory, the delimitation of its frontiers, nor on the rights and obligations of any WTO Member in respect of WTO Agreements. The colours, boundaries, denominations, and classifications in the maps of this publication do not imply, on the part of the WTO, any judgement on the legal or other status of any territory, or any endorsement or acceptance of any boundary.
Solución de diferencias
En 2008 el Órgano de Solución de Diferencias (OSD) recibió 19 notificaciones de Miembros de la OMC en las que se solicitaba formalmente la celebración de consultas en el marco del Entendimiento sobre Solución de Diferencias. Durante este período, el OSD estableció 3 grupos especiales para pronunciarse sobre 5 casos nuevos, el número más bajo de grupos especiales establecidos en un año desde la creación de la OMC. En 2008 se presentaron ante el Órgano de Apelación 13 apelaciones contra informes de grupos especiales.
Comercio de mercancías
China, los Estados Unidos, Alemania y el Japón siguieron siendo los cuatro principales exportadores e importadores de mercancías en 2015. China, con exportaciones por un valor total de 2,27 billones de dólares EE.UU. y una participación del 14% en las exportaciones mundiales, fue el principal exportador, seguida de los Estados Unidos (1,50 billones de dólares EE.UU. y el 9% de las exportaciones mundiales), Alemania (1,33 billones de dólares EE.UU. y el 8%) y el Japón (624.000 millones de dólares EE.UU. y el 4%). Los Países Bajos fueron el quinto exportador más importante, con exportaciones por un valor total de 567.000 millones de dólares EE.UU. y el 3% de las exportaciones mundiales (véase el cuadro A6).
Preface
The Trade Policy Review Mechanism (TPRM) was first established on a trial basis by the GATT CONTRACTING PARTIES in April 1989. The Mechanism became a permanent feature of the World Trade Organization under the Marrakesh Agreement which established the WTO in January 1995.
Report by Nepal
Nepal is a mountainous and predominantly agrarian land-locked country of 26.6 million people lying in the southern slopes of the Himalayas, bordering the Tibet Autonomous Region of the People’s Republic of China in the north and India in the south, east and west. The hilly and the mountainous regions including the great Himalayan range that has eight of the 14 highest peaks in the world above 8,000 meters account for 83% of the total land area of 147,181 sq. km. and the terai plain accounts for 17% of the area. Within its very small stretch, Nepal possesses immense ethnic, cultural, climatic and biological diversities.
Aid for Trade
The Committee on Trade and Development adopted the 2016-2017 Aid for Trade work programme on promoting connectivity. Disbursements of Aid for Trade reached US$ 39.8 billion in 2015, the highest amount for a single year. The WTO and the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development launched the 2016 Aid for Trade monitoring and evaluation exercise, which aims to review Aid for Trade priorities in advance of the Global Review of Aid for Trade, to be held at the WTO on 11-13 July 2017.