Accord sur les obstacles techniques au commerce L’Accord sur les obstacles techniques au commerce (OTC) vise à faire en sorte que les règlements, les normes et les procédures d’essai et de certification appliqués par les Membres de l’OMC ne créent pas d’obstacles non nécessaires au commerce. Examen annuel de l’Accord OTC Le Comité des obstacles techniques au commerce de l’OMC recueille chaque année des données sur la mise en oeuvre de l’Accord OTC. Les renseignements contenus dans la présente brochure sont basés sur l’examen de 2022.

Acuerdo sobre Obstáculos Técnicos al Comercio El Acuerdo sobre Obstáculos Técnicos al Comercio tiene por objeto velar por que los reglamentos, las normas y los procedimientos de prueba y certificación aplicados por los Miembros de la OMC no creen obstáculos innecesarios al comercio. Examen anual del Acuerdo OTC El Comité de Obstáculos Técnicos al Comercio de la OMC recopila anualmente datos sobre la aplicación del Acuerdo OTC. La información que figura en este folleto se basa en el examen de 2022.

Adapting to the digital trade era: challenges and opportunities looks at how the rapid adoption of digital technologies could help developing countries increase their participation in world trade. It also reviews the role that domestic policies and international co-operation can play in creating a more prosperous and inclusive future for these countries. This publication marks the conclusion of the second phase of the WTO Chairs Programme (WCP). It brings together contributions from the WCP Chairholders of Phases I and II, Advisory Board members, the WCP team at the WTO and other WTO Secretariat staff. The WCP is an important part of the WTO's efforts to build trade capacity and to work jointly with academic institutions in developing countries.

Aid for Trade seeks to enable developing economies, and in particular least-developed countries (LDCs), to use trade as a means of fostering economic growth, sustainable development and poverty reduction. It promotes the integration of developing economies, especially LDCs, into the multilateral trading system and aims to galvanize support to build supply-side capacity and trade-related infrastructure in these economies to improve trade performance. This publication draws on the responses provided by participants to the questionnaire of the 2024 joint OECD–WTO Aid for Trade monitoring and evaluation (M&E) exercise, which underpins the 2024 Global Review of Aid for Trade. It presents an analysis of the M&E questionnaire responses and provides information on Aid for Trade financing flows up to the year 2022. Drawing on the responses to the survey, it describes priority areas for the Aid for Trade Initiative for 2024 and the coming years.

The transition to clean energy offers opportunities for developing economies and least-developed countries (LDCs) to exploit the export potential of this transition and to accelerate their growth prospects. The WTO-led Aid for Trade initiative provides significant support to these economies to help them develop their energy sectors and transition to clean energy. However, sustained support is required to ensure that firms benefit from the trade opportunities that will emerge as a result of the clean energy transition. This report highlights the role that Aid for Trade can play in mobilizing financial resources to deliver targeted assistance and to help developing economies unlock export opportunities created by clean energy. It also underlines the role of development partners in helping firms integrate into clean energy value chains by investing in the production of clean energy technologies, such as green hydrogen and solar power.

The WTO Annual Report 2022 provides a comprehensive account of the WTO's activities in 2021 and early 2022. It also covers the 12th Ministerial Conference (MC12), originally scheduled for end-2021 but postponed until June 2022. The Report opens with a message from Director-General Ngozi Okonjo-Iweala and an overview of the past year, followed by in-depth accounts of the WTO’s main areas of activity in 2021 and early 2022, including spotlights highlighting the impact of COVID-19 on world trade and the 2021 Public Forum

This report covers WTO activities in 2023 and the early part of 2024. At the start of the report, Director-General Ngozi Okonjo-Iweala reflects on the current challenges facing world trade and the role of the WTO in helping the world address these challenges. The report also covers the 13th WTO Ministerial Conference, which took place from 26 February to 2 March 2024.

Annual reports on the work of the Appellate Body and its Secretariat have been issued since 2003. These reports contain information about the composition of the Appellate Body, the appeals filed and the Appellate Body reports circulated during the period covered, as well as technical assistance and other developments. The annual reports also provide up-to-date information on a range of topics relating to appellate proceedings, including the subject matter of disputes and procedural issues raised in appeals, as well as statistics on the WTO agreements addressed, the percentage of panel reports appealed, and the participation of WTO Members in appeals. It also contains key speeches delivered by AB Members during the covered period.

Annual reports on the work of the Appellate Body and its Secretariat have been issued since 2003. These reports contain information about the composition of the Appellate Body, the appeals filed and the Appellate Body reports circulated during the period covered, as well as technical assistance and other developments. The annual reports also provide up-to-date information on a range of topics relating to appellate proceedings, including the subject matter of disputes and procedural issues raised in appeals, as well as statistics on the WTO agreements addressed, the percentage of panel reports appealed, and the participation of WTO Members in appeals. It also contains key speeches delivered by AB Members during the covered period.

Annual reports on the work of the Appellate Body and its Secretariat have been issued since 2003. These reports contain information about the composition of the Appellate Body, the appeals filed and the Appellate Body reports circulated during the period covered, as well as technical assistance and other developments. The annual reports also provide up-to-date information on a range of topics relating to appellate proceedings, including the subject matter of disputes and procedural issues raised in appeals, as well as statistics on the WTO agreements addressed, the percentage of panel reports appealed, and the participation of WTO Members in appeals. It also contains key speeches delivered by AB Members during the covered period.

Annual reports on the work of the Appellate Body and its Secretariat have been issued since 2003. These reports contain information about the composition of the Appellate Body, the appeals filed and the Appellate Body reports circulated during the period covered, as well as technical assistance and other developments. The annual reports also provide up-to-date information on a range of topics relating to appellate proceedings, including the subject matter of disputes and procedural issues raised in appeals, as well as statistics on the WTO agreements addressed, the percentage of panel reports appealed, and the participation of WTO Members in appeals. It also contains key speeches delivered by AB Members during the covered period.

Annual reports on the work of the Appellate Body and its Secretariat have been issued since 2003. These reports contain information about the composition of the Appellate Body, the appeals filed and the Appellate Body reports circulated during the period covered, as well as technical assistance and other developments. The annual reports also provide up-to-date information on a range of topics relating to appellate proceedings, including the subject matter of disputes and procedural issues raised in appeals, as well as statistics on the WTO agreements addressed, the percentage of panel reports appealed, and the participation of WTO Members in appeals. It also contains key speeches delivered by AB Members during the covered period.

Annual reports on the work of the Appellate Body and its Secretariat have been issued since 2003. These reports contain information about the composition of the Appellate Body, the appeals filed and the Appellate Body reports circulated during the period covered, as well as technical assistance and other developments. The annual reports also provide up-to-date information on a range of topics relating to appellate proceedings, including the subject matter of disputes and procedural issues raised in appeals, as well as statistics on the WTO agreements addressed, the percentage of panel reports appealed, and the participation of WTO Members in appeals. It also contains key speeches delivered by AB Members during the covered period.

Annual reports on the work of the Appellate Body and its Secretariat have been issued since 2003. These reports contain information about the composition of the Appellate Body, the appeals filed and the Appellate Body reports circulated during the period covered, as well as technical assistance and other developments. The annual reports also provide up-to-date information on a range of topics relating to appellate proceedings, including the subject matter of disputes and procedural issues raised in appeals, as well as statistics on the WTO agreements addressed, the percentage of panel reports appealed, and the participation of WTO Members in appeals. It also contains key speeches delivered by AB Members during the covered period.

Annual reports on the work of the Appellate Body and its Secretariat have been issued since 2003. These reports contain information about the composition of the Appellate Body, the appeals filed and the Appellate Body reports circulated during the period covered, as well as technical assistance and other developments. The annual reports also provide up-to-date information on a range of topics relating to appellate proceedings, including the subject matter of disputes and procedural issues raised in appeals, as well as statistics on the WTO agreements addressed, the percentage of panel reports appealed, and the participation of WTO Members in appeals. It also contains key speeches delivered by AB Members during the covered period.

Annual reports on the work of the Appellate Body and its Secretariat have been issued since 2003. These reports contain information about the composition of the Appellate Body, the appeals filed and the Appellate Body reports circulated during the period covered, as well as technical assistance and other developments. The annual reports also provide up-to-date information on a range of topics relating to appellate proceedings, including the subject matter of disputes and procedural issues raised in appeals, as well as statistics on the WTO agreements addressed, the percentage of panel reports appealed, and the participation of WTO Members in appeals. It also contains key speeches delivered by AB Members during the covered period.

International trade plays a critical role in driving growth and development but the Arab world remains less integrated than other regions into the multilateral trading system. Only 14 of the 22 Arab League countries have joined the WTO while many of the remaining countries are engaged in lengthy and complex accession negotiations. The path towards WTO membership has confronted Arab economies with a mix of legal, economic and political hurdles, highlighting the need for broad-based reforms and stronger institutional capacities. This publication offers policymakers and stakeholders in the Arab world a practical roadmap for achieving successful WTO accession and implementing effective post-accession reforms. Drawing on the experiences of Arab countries that have joined the WTO since 1995 - including Comoros, Jordan, Oman, Saudi Arabia and Yemen - as well as those currently in the accession process, it addresses the challenges faced throughout membership negotiations. The publication explores how WTO accession reshapes policy, regulatory and institutional frameworks and presents recommendations on developing strategies to fully leverage WTO membership and technical assistance. Based on high-level consultations, extensive interviews and comprehensive policy analysis, this publication provides essential insights into how to advance sustainable economic development and reinforce regional stability across the Arab world.

This report looks at progress over the past decade in supporting the integration of least-developed countries (LDCs) into the multilateral trading system. Prepared as the WTO's contribution to the 5th United Nations Conference on the Least Developed Countries (LDC5), the report highlights that international efforts to help LDCs increase their participation in global trade are needed more than ever before in view of the enormous challenges posed by the COVID-19 pandemic. Important progress has been achieved in boosting LDC exports over the last decade by improving market access opportunities for LDCs and by granting them flexibilities in the implementation of WTO rules. Further efforts will be needed to support trade growth in LDCs in the next decade. LDC5 can set a path for allowing LDCs to fully realize their trade potential and to take advantage of emerging opportunities. The integration of LDCs into global trade is still a priority as trade can play an important role in driving economic growth and supporting sustainable development.

La inteligencia artificial (IA) está transformando la forma en que vivimos, trabajamos, producimos y comerciamos. Se prevé que, a medida que se vaya desarrollando, irá abriendo oportunidades económicas y sociales sin precedentes. No obstante, es también una fuente de riesgos y desafíos importantes. En el presente informe se examina la intersección de la IA y el comercio internacional, y se analiza la manera en que la IA puede configurar el futuro del comercio internacional, al reducir los costos del comercio, mejorar la productividad y ampliar las ventajas comparativas de las economías. En el informe se examinan algunas de las principales consideraciones de política comercial, en particular, la necesidad urgente de abordar la brecha cada vez mayor en materia de IA entre las distintas economías y entre las grandes y pequeñas empresas, así como las cuestiones relacionadas con la gobernanza de los datos y la propiedad intelectual. También se estudia cómo garantizar la fiabilidad de la IA sin obstaculizar el comercio. En el informe se presenta un panorama general de las iniciativas gubernamentales adoptadas a nivel nacional, regional e internacional para promover y regular la IA, y se destaca el riesgo de fragmentación de la reglamentación resultante. Por último, en el informe se aborda el papel fundamental de la OMC por lo que se refiere a facilitar el comercio relacionado con la IA, garantizar la fiabilidad de la IA y hacer frente a las tensiones comerciales emergentes, y se señala que la rápida evolución de la IA plantea dudas sobre sus consecuencias para las normas del comercio internacional.

The fast-evolving relationship between the promotion of welfare-enhancing competition and the balanced protection of intellectual property (IP) rights has attracted the attention of policymakers, analysts and scholars. This interest is inevitable in an environment that lays ever greater emphasis on the management of knowledge and innovation and on mechanisms to ensure that the public derives the expected social and economic benefits from this innovation and the spread of knowledge. This book looks at the positive linkage between IP and competition in jurisdictions around the world, surveying developments and policy issues from an international and comparative perspective. It includes analysis of key doctrinal and policy issues by leading academics and practitioners from around the globe and a cutting-edge survey of related developments across both developed and developing economies. It also situates current policy developments at the national level in the context of multilateral developments, at WIPO, WTO and elsewhere.

Suplemento relativo a la 13ª Conferencia Ministerial de la publicación titulada “Conferencias Ministeriales de la OMC, resultados fundamentales”

Le supplément concernant la 13e Conférence ministérielle pour la publication intitulée “Conférences ministérielles de l’OMC, principaux résultats”

Using electronic documents and transactions can speed up and increase trade. Electronic messages can eliminate the need to enter data into a computer manually at each supply chain checkpoint and can provide opportunities for the potential reuse of data. This toolkit aims at raising awareness of the technical and legal tools to be called upon to adopt cross-border paperless trade systems and national single windows.

Le présent ouvrage est un guide accessible du vocabulaire utilisé dans les négociations commerciales. Il explique, dans un langage simple, près de 3000 termes et concepts, en mettant l’accent sur le système commercial multilatéral représenté par les accords signés dans le cadre de l’Organisation mondiale du commerce (OMC). Il couvre également bon nombre d’activités, de résultats et de termes relatifs au commerce qui sont propres à d’autres organisations internationales, telles que la Conférence des Nations Unies sur le commerce et le développement (CNUCED), l’Organisation mondiale de la propriété intellectuelle (OMPI), l’Organisation des Nations Unies pour l’alimentation et l’agriculture (FAO) et l’Organisation de coopération et de développement économique (OCDE). Au cours de la dernière décennie, une attention marquée a été accordée à la facilitation des échanges et de l’investissement, à la durabilité et à la formation de zones de libre-échange dans toutes les parties du monde. Le présent dictionnaire fait une large place au vocabulaire associé à cette situation nouvelle. Il explique clairement, par exemple, les concepts utilisés dans l’administration des règles d’origine préférentielles. Plus récemment, la facilitation des échanges a fait l’objet d’une attention redoublée. D’autres domaines sont couverts, notamment les nouvelles questions commerciales et les problèmes posés en particulier par les préoccupations des pays en développement. Walter Goode a été pendant de longues années fonctionnaire au Département des affaires étrangères et du commerce de l’Australie. En cette qualité, il a acquis une grande expérience dans la formulation de la politique commerciale internationale et la conduite des négociations commerciales bilatérales et multilatérales. Il a participé en particulier à des négociations et des réunions de l’APEC, du GATT, de l’OMC, de la CNUCED et de l’OCDE. Il a été affecté à des postes en relation avec le commerce à Genève, Beijing, Shanghai et Tokyo, et a organisé de nombreux cours de politique commerciale, en particulier sous les auspices de l’APEC. Il est maintenant à la retraite. Il a publié, entre autres ouvrages, Australian Traded Services, Uruguay Round Outcomes: Services, et Negotiating FreeTrade Agreements: A Guide.

Without direct access to a sea or ocean and isolated from the world’s largest markets, landlocked developing countries (LLDCs) face many challenges to integrate into global supply chains. This report identifies specific trade bottlenecks in LLDCs, which have increased trading costs, lengthened the time to process goods at the border and restricted the movement of goods across borders. Compounded by the devastating effect of the COVID-19 pandemic, LLDCs have seen trade decline more sharply and for longer than the rest of the world. The report demonstrates the vital role the WTO Trade Facilitation Agreement (TFA) can play in boosting output and facilitating world trade by simplifying, modernizing and harmonizing the movement, release and clearance of goods. Participation in the TFA can broaden the opportunities for developing countries – and LLDCs in particular – to participate more fully in global value chains. The report concludes with recommendations on the steps that LLDCs, neighbouring transit countries and international organizations can undertake to ease trade bottlenecks to keep trade flowing smoothly and to make trade more inclusive.