About the WTO
Trade and Welfare Effects of the WTO Trade Facilitation Agreement
Feb 2023
Working Paper
The WTO Trade Facilitation Agreement (TFA) has been predicted to bring about an expansion in trade flows and real income gains. To date there is still very limited empirical evidence on the actual post-implementation impact of the TFA. This paper provides an assessment combining econometric estimations from a structural gravity model with general equilibrium modelling results.
How will global trade patterns evolve in the long run?
Jan 2023
Working Paper
In this paper the evolution of global trade patterns until 2050 is projected with a recursive dynamic computable general equilibrium (CGE) model. Feeding the model with exogenous projections on macroeconomic demographic sectoral and trade cost variables the evolution of trade patterns emerges endogenously from the model. The approach is innovative in both modelling approach and exogenous inputs. GDP growth emerges endogenously in the model because of diffusion of ideas as a result of international trade and trade cost changes are based on estimates of technology and trade policy changes.
International trade cooperation’s impact on the world economy
Jan 2023
Working Paper
In this study we investigate three trade policy scenarios: i) the revival of multilateralism ii) plurilateral cooperation and iii) geopolitical rivalry. In the first scenario both tariffs and NTMs are reduced on a multilateral basis. In the second scenario varying groups of countries cooperate on specific topics such as E-commerce and services. In the last scenario two main blocks emerge: a Western block and an Eastern block. International cooperation breaks down between blocks leading to an increase in tariffs and NTMs with blocks of countries setting up their own set of rules. Our findings are based on simulations with the WTO Global trade Model which has a specific novel feature: the diffusion of ideas between countries as a by-product of trade.
WTO Analytical Index: Trade Policy Review Mechanism
Jan 2023
Dispute Reports
“The WTO Analytical Index" is an article-by-article guide to the interpretation and application of the WTO agreements by WTO bodies. It covers the jurisprudence of the WTO Appellate Body panels and arbitrators as well as related decisions and other significant actions taken by other relevant WTO bodies. This publication report covers the TPRM.
WTO Analytical Index: Agreement on Agriculture
Jan 2023
Dispute Reports
“The WTO Analytical Index" is an article-by-article guide to the interpretation and application of the WTO agreements by WTO bodies. It covers the jurisprudence of the WTO Appellate Body panels and arbitrators as well as related decisions and other significant actions taken by other relevant WTO bodies. This publication report covers the Agriculture.
WTO Analytical Index: Rules of Conduct
Jan 2023
Dispute Reports
“The WTO Analytical Index" is an article-by-article guide to the interpretation and application of the WTO agreements by WTO bodies. It covers the jurisprudence of the WTO Appellate Body panels and arbitrators as well as related decisions and other significant actions taken by other relevant WTO bodies. This publication report covers the Rules of Conduct.
WTO Analytical Index: TRIMs Agreement
Jan 2023
Dispute Reports
“The WTO Analytical Index" is an article-by-article guide to the interpretation and application of the WTO agreements by WTO bodies. It covers the jurisprudence of the WTO Appellate Body panels and arbitrators as well as related decisions and other significant actions taken by other relevant WTO bodies. This publication report covers the TRIMs.
WTO Analytical Index: Customs Valuation Agreement
Jan 2023
Dispute Reports
“The WTO Analytical Index" is an article-by-article guide to the interpretation and application of the WTO agreements by WTO bodies. It covers the jurisprudence of the WTO Appellate Body panels and arbitrators as well as related decisions and other significant actions taken by other relevant WTO bodies. This publication report covers the Customs Valuation Agreement.
WTO Analytical Index: International Dairy and Bovine Meat Agreements
Jan 2023
Dispute Reports
“The WTO Analytical Index" is an article-by-article guide to the interpretation and application of the WTO agreements by WTO bodies. It covers the jurisprudence of the WTO Appellate Body panels and arbitrators as well as related decisions and other significant actions taken by other relevant WTO bodies. This publication report covers the International Dairy and Bovine Meat Agreements.
WTO Analytical Index: Agreement on Trade in Civil Aircraft
Jan 2023
Dispute Reports
“The WTO Analytical Index" is an article-by-article guide to the interpretation and application of the WTO agreements by WTO bodies. It covers the jurisprudence of the WTO Appellate Body panels and arbitrators as well as related decisions and other significant actions taken by other relevant WTO bodies. This publication report covers the Aircraft.
WTO Analytical Index: WTO Agreement
Jan 2023
Dispute Reports
“The WTO Analytical Index" is an article-by-article guide to the interpretation and application of the WTO agreements by WTO bodies. It covers the jurisprudence of the WTO Appellate Body panels and arbitrators as well as related decisions and other significant actions taken by other relevant WTO bodies. This publication report covers the WTO Agreement.
WTO Analytical Index: Agreement on Pre-Shipment Inspection
Jan 2023
Dispute Reports
“The WTO Analytical Index" is an article-by-article guide to the interpretation and application of the WTO agreements by WTO bodies. It covers the jurisprudence of the WTO Appellate Body panels and arbitrators as well as related decisions and other significant actions taken by other relevant WTO bodies. This publication report covers the PSI.
WTO Analytical Index: Agreement on Trade Facilitation
Jan 2023
Dispute Reports
“The WTO Analytical Index" is an article-by-article guide to the interpretation and application of the WTO agreements by WTO bodies. It covers the jurisprudence of the WTO Appellate Body panels and arbitrators as well as related decisions and other significant actions taken by other relevant WTO bodies. This publication report covers the Trade Facilitation.
WTO Analytical Index: Agreement on Safeguards
Jan 2023
Dispute Reports
“The WTO Analytical Index" is an article-by-article guide to the interpretation and application of the WTO agreements by WTO bodies. It covers the jurisprudence of the WTO Appellate Body panels and arbitrators as well as related decisions and other significant actions taken by other relevant WTO bodies. This publication report covers the Safeguards.
WTO Analytical Index: Agreement on Rules of Origin
Jan 2023
Dispute Reports
“The WTO Analytical Index" is an article-by-article guide to the interpretation and application of the WTO agreements by WTO bodies. It covers the jurisprudence of the WTO Appellate Body panels and arbitrators as well as related decisions and other significant actions taken by other relevant WTO bodies. This publication report covers the Rules of origin.
WTO Analytical Index: Licensing Agreement
Jan 2023
Dispute Reports
“The WTO Analytical Index" is an article-by-article guide to the interpretation and application of the WTO agreements by WTO bodies. It covers the jurisprudence of the WTO Appellate Body panels and arbitrators as well as related decisions and other significant actions taken by other relevant WTO bodies. This publication report covers the Licensing.
WTO Analytical Index: Working Procedures for Appellate Review
Jan 2023
Dispute Reports
“The WTO Analytical Index" is an article-by-article guide to the interpretation and application of the WTO agreements by WTO bodies. It covers the jurisprudence of the WTO Appellate Body panels and arbitrators as well as related decisions and other significant actions taken by other relevant WTO bodies. This publication report covers the AR Working Procedures.
WTO Analytical Index: Agreement on Government Procurement (1994)
Jan 2023
Dispute Reports
“The WTO Analytical Index" is an article-by-article guide to the interpretation and application of the WTO agreements by WTO bodies. It covers the jurisprudence of the WTO Appellate Body panels and arbitrators as well as related decisions and other significant actions taken by other relevant WTO bodies. This publication report covers the Procurement (1994).
A Novel Framework to Evaluate Changes in Access to and Costs of Trade Finance
Jan 2023
Working Paper
In this paper we integrate the costs of trade finance in a computable general equilibrium (CGE) model to evaluate the trade and output effects of counterfactual policy experiments on costs of and access to trade finance. The costs of financing international trade consist of two components: the financial costs and the costs associated with the risk of goods not being delivered considering risk aversion of traders. These costs are determined for four ways to finance international trade (cash-in-advance trade loans letters of credit and exports financed with internal working capital). Trade finance costs are a weighted average of the costs under the four different ways of financing.
WTO Analytical Index: Agreement on Textiles and Clothing
Jan 2023
Dispute Reports
“The WTO Analytical Index" is an article-by-article guide to the interpretation and application of the WTO agreements by WTO bodies. It covers the jurisprudence of the WTO Appellate Body panels and arbitrators as well as related decisions and other significant actions taken by other relevant WTO bodies. This publication report covers the Textiles.
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