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Assessing the Supply Chain Effect of Natural Disasters
This paper uses Chinese firm level data to detect the international propagation of adverse shocks triggered by the US hurricane season in 2005. We provide evidence that Chinese processing manufacturers with tight trade linkages to the United States reduced their intermediate imports from the United States between July and October 2005.
Morocco - Definitive Anti-Dumping Measures on School Exercise Books from Tunisia
On 27 July 2021 he WTO circulated the panel report in the case brought by Tunisia in “Morocco — Definitive Anti-Dumping Measures on School Exercise Books from Tunisia” (DS578).
Canada - Measures Governing the Sale of Wine
On 25 May 2021 the WTO circulated the panel report in the case brought by Australia in “Canada — Measures Governing the Sale of Wine” (DS537).
“Agricultural Products” and “Fishery Products” in the GATT and WTO
The WTO Agreement on Agriculture applies to those “agricultural products” as defined in its Annex 1. This definition expressly excludes “fish and fish products” from the scope of application of the Agreement. In light of this exclusion the paper is intended to provide a historical account of the relationship between agricultural products and fishery products in the context of the negotiations leading to and during the GATT period up to the conclusion of the Uruguay Round and some of its implications for WTO negotiations.
WTO Members
Currently the WTO has 164 Members. They are listed in the table below according to their designated full names as of the date of membership or according to the names as subsequently submitted to the WTO Secretariat. In line with the practice of the WTO Secretariat the remaining sections of this publication use the short names of Members as listed in the latest revision to document WT/INF/43/Rev.22 except in the titles of relevant accession protocols.
Introduction
This publication concerns the treaty instruments drawn up by WTO Members in relation to the Marrakesh Agreement Establishing the World Trade Organization (WTO Agreement) and the Multi- and Plurilateral Trade Agreements annexed to that Agreement.
Status of WTO Legal Instruments
This publication covers the treaty instruments drawn up by WTO Members in relation to the Marrakesh Agreement Establishing the WTO and the multilateral and plurilateral trade agreements annexed to this Agreement. It lists the adoption and signature dates of WTO treaty instruments and the dates of acceptances accessions or amendments to these. It also provides the date of their entry into force as well as the dates of other communications and declarations received by the WTO Director-General in her capacity as depositary. This updated 2021 edition reflects several WTO treaty developments since the previous edition. Following a brief introduction a dedicated section provides a comprehensive summary of the establishment of the WTO and the evolution of its treaty instruments. It also provides information on depositary notifications by the WTO Director-General the relevant volumes of the WTO and UN Treaty Series and treaty registration with the United Nations. Hyperlinks in the PDF version allow readers direct access to the relevant WTO and UN documents.
Buena Vista Social Corporate Responsibility Provisions in Regional Trade Agreements
Corporate social responsibility (CSR) has become an integral part of many companies' business strategy. A detailed analysis of 579 RTAs including 305 agreements currently in force and notified to the WTO (as of December 2020) reveals that a limited but increasing number of RTAs namely 65 agreements refer explicitly to CSR. These CSR-related provisions are particularly heterogeneous in terms of location in the RTA language scope and commitments.
The Impact of Services Liberalization on Education
This paper studies the impact of services liberalization on education and the gender education gap at the district level in India. We focus on the time period 1987 to 1999 and three services sectors - banking insurance and telecommunications - which were all state monopolies have been heavily liberalized in the time frame studied have relatively high shares of female employment and require high education investments. Our hypothesis is that the national-level liberalization spurred higher investment in education particularly girls’ education in districts with higher employment growth in these key services sectors.
Africa’s Integration in the WTO Multilateral Trading System
The Marrakesh Agreement establishing the WTO recognizes the need for positive efforts designed to ensure that developing countries and especially the least developed among them secure a share in the growth in international trade commensurate with the needs of their economic development.This article discusses how the WTO contributes to facilitating Africa’s integration into the WTO multilateral trading system. It is argued that while African countries are actively engaged in the work of the WTO securing their economic and policy interests some main challenges remain. These include the need to further diversify production linking to the Global Value Chains and developing adequate infra-structures facilitating digital trade as a vehicle for economic growth.
WTO in Brief
In brief the World Trade Organization (WTO) is the only international organization dealing with the global rules of trade. Its main function is to ensure that trade flows as smoothly predictably and freely as possible.
The Evolution of Gender-Related Provisions in Regional Trade Agreements
Regional Trade agreements (RTAs) are sometimes considered as laboratories in which new types of provisions are negotiated to address recent trade-related issues. Although the inclusion of gender-related provisions in RTAs is not a recent phenomenon only a limited but increasing number of RTAs refer explicitly to gender-related issues. These gender-related provisions are highly heterogeneous and differ in terms of location in the RTA language scope and commitments. Some of the most detailed gender-related provisions are found in stand-alone chapters on gender. Cooperation provisions on gender-related issues including labour health and social policy remain the most common type of gender-related provisions found in RTAs.
Hold the Line: The Evolution of Telecommunications Provisions in Regional Trade Agreements
Based on the first comprehensive mapping of telecommunications provisions telecommunications in regional trade agreements (RTAs) this paper shows that telecommunications provisions in RTAs have evolved and expanded significantly over the years. While some provisions focus on information and communications technologies (ICT) infrastructure policy and investment other provisions address telecommunications services as well as standards and conformity assessment procedures of ICT equipment. The most detailed and comprehensive telecommunications provisions are found in stand-alone chapters sections or annexes on telecommunications services. A network analysis further reveals that telecommunications provisions remain highly heterogenous.