Trade monitoring
Aspects des droits de propriété intellectuelle qui touchent au commerce (ADPIC)
Le Conseil des ADPIC a poursuivi ses discussions sur des questions telles que l’accès des pays les plus pauvres aux médicaments, la promotion de la transparence et les besoins d’assistance technique des pays les moins avancés, dans le cadre de son examen régulier des questions de propriété intellectuelle. Il a également échangé des informations et discute de plusieurs questions de politique soulevées par différents pays, telles que les stratégies nationales en matière d’innovation et le rôle de la propriété intellectuelle pour encourager l’innovation fondée sur le marché.
Ministerial Conference and General Council
The Seventh Ministerial Conference was held in Geneva from 30 November to 2 December 2009, the first formal gathering of ministers since the Hong Kong Ministerial Conference in December 2005. Though not a negotiating meeting, the Conference was an opportunity for ministers to discuss progress in the Doha Round as well as review other areas of the WTO’s work.
Preface
The Trade Policy Review Mechanism (TPRM) was first established on a trial basis by the GATT CONTRACTING PARTIES in April 1989. The Mechanism became a permanent feature of the World Trade Organization under the Marrakesh Agreement which established the WTO in January 1995.
The trade effects of non-tariff measures and services measures
This section discusses the trade effects of non-tariff measures and services measures in general before focusing on technical barriers to trade (TBT), sanitary and phytosanitary (SPS) measures and domestic regulation in services. It also examines whether regulatory harmonization and/or mutual recognition help to reduce the trade-hindering effects caused by the diversity of TBT/SPS measures and domestic regulation in services.
Joining the WTO
Montenegro, Russia, Samoa and Vanuatu formally joined the WTO in 2012, raising the number of members (as of end-December 2012) to 157. Two other countries – the Lao People’s Democratic Republic (Laos) and Tajikistan – completed their accession agreements during the year and joined in early 2013. This takes the WTO a step closer to its goal of universal membership. In 2012, the General Council adopted steps to ease the accession process for least-developed countries (LDCs). Measures were also taken to strengthen accession-related technical assistance for LDCs.
Fondo para la Aplicación de Normas y el Fomento del Comercio
El Fondo para la Aplicación de Normas y el Fomento del Comercio (STDF) -el instrumento de la Ayuda para el Comercio que ayuda a los países en desarrollo a aplicar las normas sanitarias y fitosanitarias (MSF)- siguió centrando en lograr una mayor sensibilización, movilizar recursos, reforzar la colaboración, definir y difundir buenas prácticas para aumentar la eficacia de la cooperación técnica relacionada con las MSF. Asimismo, prestó especial atención a proporcionar apoyo y financiación para la formulación y ejecución de proyectos orientados al cumplimiento de los requisitos sanitarios y fitosanitarios internacionales. En 2012, las contribuciones al STDF totalizaron 4,7 millones de dólares EE.UU.