Monitoreo comercial
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Acknowledgements
The World Trade Report 2012 was prepared under the general direction of the WTO’s Deputy Director-General Alejandro Jara and supervised by Patrick Low, Director of the Economic Research and Statistics Division. The writing of this year’s report was coordinated by Marc Bacchetta and Cosimo Beverelli. Work on individual sections was coordinated by Alexander Keck, Coleman Nee, Roberta Piermartini and Michele Ruta.
Agradecimientos
El Informe sobre el Comercio Mundial 2005 ha sido elaborado bajo la supervisión general del Director General Adjunto Dr. Kipkorir Aly Azad Rana. Patrick Low, Director de la División de Estudios Económicos y Estadística, dirigió el equipo encargado de redactar el Informe. Los autores principales del Informe son Marc Bachetta, Bijit Bora, K. Michael Finger, Marion Jansen, Alexander Keck, Roberta Piermartini y Robert Teh. Hildegunn Kyvik Nordas, ex funcionaria de la División de Estudios Económicos y Estadística, es coautora del ensayo sobre deslocalización. Mireille Cossy, de la División de Comercio de Servicios, también colaboró en ese ensayo. Robert Anderson, de la División de Propiedad Intelectual, y Pierre Latrille, de la División de Comercio de Servicios, son coautores del ensayo sobre servicios de transporte aéreo. Lee Ann Jackson, de la División de Agricultura y Productos Básicos, es coautora de las partes del Capítulo II relativas a las normas. Las estadísticas comerciales y la información arancelaria fueron facilitadas por el grupo de estadística de la División de Estudios Económicos y Estadística, bajo la coordinación de Guy Karsenty, Julia de Verteuil, Andreas Maurer y Jürgen Richtering.
Conclusions
Although traditional trade barriers such as tariffs have come down, and innovations in transportation and communications technology have shrunk the distance between nations, trade costs remain high, particularly in developing countries. High trade costs isolate developing countries from world markets, limiting their trade opportunities and impeding growth. High trade costs also appear to disproportionately affect small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), timesensitive products and goods produced in global value chains. Trade procedures that are more cumbersome than necessary and delay the movement, release and clearance of goods constitute a significant part of these trade costs.
Coopération technique et formation
En 2010, l'Institut de formation et de coopération technique (IFCT) a continué à prendre des mesures pour améliorer encore le contenu et l'exécution des programmes d'assistance technique et de formation de l'OMC , renforcer sa capacité de communiquer avec les bénéficiaires de toutes les régions et accroître son rôle de coordonnateur des activités de renforcement des capacités commerciales dans son domaine de compétence et de responsabilité. L'IFCT a pour mission d'aider les Membres de l'OMC à mieux comprendre leurs droits et obligations dans le cadre du système commercial multilatéral et à renforcer leurs capacités institutionnelles pour faire face aux difficultés qui en découlent.
Introduction
The Trade Policy Review Mechanism (TPRM) was first established on a trial basis by the GATT contracting parties in April 1989. The Mechanism became a permanent feature of the World Trade Organization under the Marrakesh Agreement which established the WTO in January 1995.
Organization, secretariat and budget
The World Trade Organization came into being in 1995, as the successor to the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT), which had been established (1947) in the wake of the Second World War. The WTO’s main objective is the establishment of rules for Members’ trade policy which help international trade to expand with a view to raising living standards. These rules foster non-discrimination, transparency and predictability in the conduct of trade policy.
Report by the WTO Secretariat
For over 30 years Thailand has pursued a policy of export-led development that has successfully turned the county into a major exporter of industrial goods and led to rapid economic growth, particularly in the 1990s. Growth slowed in the 2000s - due partly to lower investment growth and infrastructure bottlenecks - but still remained strong at an average of 5.7% between 2003 and 2006. Although the 2008 global financial crises led to a fall in GDP in 2009, growth picked up again in 2010 when it reached 7.8%. Between 2007 and 2010 GDP per capita rose from US$3,740 to US$4,737, and Thailand has been able to reduce poverty and meet its Millennium Development Goals, although significant income and regional disparities remain.
Introduction
The Trade Policy Review Mechanism (TPRM) was first established on a trial basis by the GATT contracting parties in April 1989. The Mechanism became a permanent feature of the World Trade Organization under the Marrakesh Agreement which established the WTO in January 1995.