Trade monitoring
Auge de las cadenas de valor mundiales
Si bien la fragmentación de la producción mundial no es un fenómeno nuevo, su importancia sí ha ido aumentando con el paso del tiempo. La tendencia es consecuencia de las innovaciones tecnológicas registradas en las comunicaciones y el transporte, que han reducido los costos de coordinación y con ello han hecho posible que los países se especializaran en la producción de determinadas tareas o componentes, en lugar de productos finales completos. En la sección se examinan los drásticos cambios que han experimentado la naturaleza, la magnitud y el alcance de las cadenas de valor mundiales durante los dos últimos decenios. Se analizan las oportunidades que pueden ofrecer las cadenas de valor a los países en desarrollo para integrarse en la economía mundial con menores costos, pero se subraya que la integración en esas cadenas no rinde beneficios automáticamente. Se evalúan los riesgos que entraña la participación en cadenas de valor mundiales y se expone la correlación entre las diversas políticas aplicadas por los países y su participación en las cadenas de valor.
Report by the European Communities
This Trade Policy Review of the European Communities (EC) refers to the period 2007-08, which was a time of several major anniversaries in the context of the European integration process. Rather than just looking back and celebrating past achievements, these anniversaries were used to reinvigorate on-going efforts and launch new initiatives in the various areas of EC activity, including trade policy, that aim to consolidate, and build upon these significant earlier accomplishments as well as to respond to evolving priorities and the ever changing global environment.
The trade situation in 2008-09
Signs of a sharp deterioration in the global economy were evident in the second half of 2008 and the first few months of 2009 as world trade flows sagged and production slumped, first in developed economies and then in developing countries. Although world trade grew by 2 per cent in volume terms over the course of 2008, it tapered off in the last six months of the year and was well down on the 6 per cent volume increase posted in 2007. World output measured by real gross domestic product (GDP) also slowed appreciably, falling to 1.7 per cent in 2008 from 3.5 per cent a year earlier.
Foreword
The World Trade Report 2006 is the fourth in a series launched in 2002. As in previous years, the present Report has taken up a current issue in trade policy. This year we have looked at subsidies. The contribution we hope to make with these Reports is to aid understanding of complex trade policy issues facing governments. This is not intended primarily as a prescriptive Report, but rather as an invitation to deeper reflection, and it is aimed not just at policy-makers but also the public they represent and the individuals and organizations that actively seek to influence government policies. In addition to the core topic, the Report also takes a brief look at recent developments in trade and discusses some salient features of recent trade developments or a particular aspect of trade. This year, the Report looks briefly at trade in textiles and clothing, flows of international receipts and payments of royalties and license fees, trends in the trade of least-developed countries, and the impact of natural disasters and terrorist acts on international trade flows.
Concluding Remarks by the Chairperson of the Trade Policy Review Body, H.E. Mr. Mario Matus at the Trade Policy Review of Canada 20 and 22 June 2011
This ninth Trade Policy Review of Canada has given us a better understanding of the country’s recent economic, including trade, policy developments and enabled us collectively to measure the challenges Canada currently faces in maintaining its economic prosperity. Our candid discussion has proved more engaging thanks to the full and open participation of the Canadian delegation, led by Mr. Robert Ready, Director-General of the Intellectual Property Office and the Office for Trade in Services, Department of Foreign Affairs and International Trade, and by the insightful remarks made by the discussant, H.E. John Adank of New Zealand, as well as active participation by numerous Members.