Trade monitoring
Message du Directeur général Roberto Azevêdo
Après le succès de la dixième Conférence ministérielle tenue à Nairobi en décembre 2015, un net renforcement du niveau d’engagement a été observé en 2016 dans nombre de nos domaines d’activité. L’année a été marquée par une discussion intense entre les Membres sur un large éventail de questions et par un regain d’intérêt d’autres parties prenantes.
Doha Development Agenda
At the WTO’s Fourth Ministerial Conference in Doha, Qatar, in November 2001, WTO members agreed to launch a new round of trade negotiations. They also agreed to work on other issues, in particular the implementation of the current WTO agreements. The entire package is called the Doha Development Agenda (DDA) or the Doha Round. The negotiations take place in the Trade Negotiations Committee (TNC) and its subsidiaries, which are regular councils and committees meeting in special session or specially created negotiating bodies. The negotiating bodies report to the TNC which coordinates their work. The TNC is chaired by the Director-General.
Secrétariat de l’OMC
Le Secrétariat de l’OMC emploie 639 fonctionnaires émargeant au budget ordinaire.
Introduction
The Trade Policy Review Mechanism (TPRM) was first established on a trial basis by the GATT contracting parties in April 1989. The Mechanism became a permanent feature of the World Trade Organization under the Marrakesh Agreement which established the WTO in January 1995.
Cadre intégré renforcé
En 2011, le Cadre intégré renforcé (CIR) a continué à jouer un rôle clé en aidant certains des pays les plus pauvres à s'intégrer dans le système commercial mondial. Depuis qu'il est entré en activité en 2009, 40 pays ont obtenu une aide du CIR pour renforcer leurs institutions commerciales. Le CIR reçoit le soutien de 23 donateurs; au 31 décembre 2011, les annonces de contributions s'élevaient à 235 millions de dollars EU et les contributions à environ 155 millions de dollars EU.
Acuerdo sobre Contratación Pública
El Comité de Contratación Pública administra el ACP. En 2009 celebró tres reuniones formales y varias reuniones informales centradas en cuestiones relativas a las negociaciones y la adhesión. Además, esas reuniones dieron a las 14 Partes en el Acuerdo (que comprende en total 41 Miembros de la OMC) la oportunidad de intercambiar información y perspectivas sobre las medidas de contratación nacionales en relación con la crisis económica, con lo que se puso de relieve la función de salvaguardia contra el proteccionismo que cumple el ACP.
Report by the Dominican Republic
One year after its previous Trade Policy Review in 2002, the Dominican Republic suffered one of the most serious economic and financial crises of its history following the bankruptcy of three banks owing to a combination of fraud, excessive loans to related parties, and poor management of public finances. This crisis led to high inflation, a sharp depreciation in the exchange rate, capital flight, a twofold increase in the public debt in the space of a single year, and a slowdown in the country’s economic growth. The Government’s commitment to drawing up and implementing an economic programme aimed at re-establishing fiscal, monetary and financial discipline and to introducing structural reforms in a number of areas contributed to a marked and rapid recovery of the economy and of international reserves, and hence lower inflation and interest rates, a more stable exchange rate, and the recovery and consolidation of economic growth.
Report by the WTO Secretariat
Rich in natural resources, Norway has been running a surplus in merchandise trade for more than 20 years. With sizeable exports of crude oil and natural gas, the surplus on the current account exceeded 10% every year during 2007-11. Norway saves a good portion of its oil and gas wealth in the Government Pension Fund – Global, invested entirely in assets abroad. At the end of March 2012, the Fund’s assets were valued at NKr 3.5 trillion (€460 billion). The central government budget has been in surplus every year since 1995.
Report by the United Arab Emirates
Successive developments in the economy of the United Arab Emirates, and the adoption of free market policies and regulations, have led to impressive growth rates and a trend towards sustainable and diversified development.