Technologies de l'information et commerce électronique
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Acknowledgements
The World Trade Report 2025 was prepared under the general responsibility and guidance of Johanna Hill, WTO Deputy Director-General, and Ralph Ossa, Chief Economist and Director of the Economic Research and Statistics Division. Director-General Ngozi Okonjo-Iweala, Senior Advisor to the Director-General Uyama Tomochika, and Trineesh Biswas from the Office of the Director-General provided valuable advice and guidance.
World Trade Report 2025
How trade and AI can contribute to inclusive growth
Artificial intelligence (AI) has the potential to lead to a new era of growth. By transforming how goods and services are produced, exchanged and consumed, AI can bring about substantial changes in the global economy. Yet the future trajectory of AI remains uncertain, raising critical questions about trade and inclusive growth. The World Trade Report 2025 explores the complex and fast-evolving relationship between AI and international trade and how this relationship can shape inclusive growth. AI offers new opportunities to reduce trade costs, boost productivity and expand access to global markets. In addition, trade can help to render AI more accessible by spreading knowledge, fostering innovation and promoting participation in AI value chains. However, unequal access across the world to digital infrastructure, appropriate skills and capabilities could increase the digital divide. Also, the impact of AI on the labour market presents additional challenges. Whether AI-enabled trade translates into broad-based, inclusive growth will depend on the design and implementation of trade and trade-related policies. WTO rules on trade in goods, services, data, intellectual property and public procurement can shape the availability, affordability and diffusion of AI. Complementary policies regulating competition, data infrastructure, energy, education and government support can also help to determine whether and how economies benefit from AI-enabled trade. The WTO can play a central role in ensuring that AI supports more inclusive trade-led growth by administering WTO rules, by fostering dialogue, transparency and capacity-building, and by deepening collaboration on AI and digital trade with other international organizations.
Introduction
The development and deployment of artificial intelligence (AI) have accelerated in the last few years, and its applications hold the potential to revolutionize human society and economic activities.
Foreword by the WTO Director-General
Rapid advances in artificial intelligence (AI) are transforming the world economy, reshaping how work is defined, how value is created, and how opportunities are distributed across societies. Given these far-reaching effects, AI is also transforming world trade.
How domestic policies can shape the trade and AI relationship to favour inclusive economic growth
Trade policies are a necessary part of any relationship between trade and AI that results in inclusive economic growth.
Disclaimer
We also thank the following individuals from outside the WTO Secretariat for their useful comments during the initial drafting stage of the report: Ashutosh Chadha (Microsoft), Marcio Cruz (International Finance Corporation), Edelbert Häfele and Judit Inacsovszky (PATEV Associates GmbH), James Howe (International Trade Centre), Carsten Fink (World Intellectual Property Organization), Greg LaRocca and Mary Thornton (Semiconductor Industry Association), Kristina McElheran, Ruiqi Sun and Daniel Trefler (University of Toronto), Ana Carolina da Motta (Amazon Web Services), Hildegunn Kyvik Nordås (Council on Economic Policies and Örebro University), Ana Maria Santacreu (Federal Reserve Bank of Saint Louis), Ina Simonovska (University of California, Davis), Toh Si Tong (Infocomm Media Development Authority, Singapore) and Yoto V. Yotov (Drexel University).
AI, trade and inclusive growth: opportunities and challenges
This chapter provides a detailed economic analysis of the transformative potential of AI, focusing on its impact on trade and inclusive growth.
Executive summary
Artificial intelligence (AI) is beginning to reshape the global economy.
International cooperation to make trade and AI work for all
As trade shapes the development and deployment of AI, and AI could, in turn, reshape global trade, stronger international trade cooperation, both at the WTO and with other international organizations, is important to ensure that AI is beneficial and that the benefits of AI are more widely shared.
How domestic policies can shape the trade and AI relationship to favour inclusive economic growth
Trade policies are a necessary part of any relationship between trade and AI that results in inclusive economic growth.
Foreword by the WTO Director-General
Rapid advances in artificial intelligence (AI) are transforming the world economy, reshaping how work is defined, how value is created, and how opportunities are distributed across societies. Given these far-reaching effects, AI is also transforming world trade.
Acknowledgements
The World Trade Report 2025 was prepared under the general responsibility and guidance of Johanna Hill, WTO Deputy Director-General, and Ralph Ossa, Chief Economist and Director of the Economic Research and Statistics Division. Director-General Ngozi Okonjo-Iweala, Senior Advisor to the Director-General Uyama Tomochika, and Trineesh Biswas from the Office of the Director-General provided valuable advice and guidance.
Introduction
The development and deployment of artificial intelligence (AI) have accelerated in the last few years, and its applications hold the potential to revolutionize human society and economic activities.