Trade monitoring
Marco Integrado mejorado
El Marco Integrado mejorado (MIM) siguió creciendo en 2013. La participación de alto nivel y el interés en el MIM aumentaron, al igual que el número de proyectos activos en los países beneficiarios. Actualmente, 46 países reciben asistencia (en comparación con 40 países al final de 2011) para fortalecer sus instituciones comerciales y hacer frente a las dificultades relacionadas con el comercio. El MIM recibe fondos de donantes que, al 31 de diciembre de 2013, habían prometido contribuciones por valor de 251 millones de dólares EE.UU. y aportado unos 190 millones de dólares EE.UU. (frente a 178 millones de dólares EE.UU. en 2012).
Export Boom, Employment Bust? The Paradox of Indonesia’s Displaced Workers, 2000–2014
Charles Dickens’ phrase “it was the best of times; it was the worst of times” is for many Indonesian workers an apt summary of their experience during the early 2000s. While the national economy and especially its resource-exporting sectors enjoyed trade-driven growth of unprecedented magnitude and duration, millions of blue-collar workers and labor market entrants found themselves paradoxically sidelined from well-paid jobs in manufacturing, and instead forced to seek livelihoods in low-paid, low-skill service sector jobs. This happened at a time when many Asian countries, led by the People’s Republic of China, were enjoying (continued) expansion of manufacturing trade by participating in global production networks, which in turn created better employment opportunities for their less-skilled agricultural workforces. For many Indonesians, on the other hand, the boom was a period of stagnating real wages and diminished earnings prospects, even as national income and spending surged ahead and overall expectations for the future became increasingly bright. For workers, the consequence of job displacement due to structural change would have been particularly severe during this time.
Trade monitoring reports
Four reports prepared by the WTO Secretariat on behalf of the Director-General showed that despite the financial and economic crisis, WTO members generally continued to resist protectionist pressures in 2011. However, these pressures are mounting along with the risks to the global economy. The outlook for world trade has worsened, with global exports likely to have grown less than initially forecast.
Activités en matière de règlement des différends en 2011
En 2011, l'Organe de règlement des différends (ORD) a reçu huit notifications de Membres de l'OMC demandant formellement l'ouverture de consultations au titre du Mémorandum d'accord sur le règlement des différends (le Mémorandum d'accord), ce qui représente moins de la moitié du nombre de notifications reçues en 2010 (17). C'est le nombre le plus faible de l'histoire de l'OMC, après celui de 2005 (12 notifications). Malgré le faible volume d'activités nouvelles, le mécanisme de règlement des différends traite actuellement de nombreuses affaires. L'ORD a adopté huit rapports de groupes spéciaux et cinq rapports de l'Organe d'appel, y compris ceux qui concernent l'affaire la plus importante jamais traitée dans le cadre du système de règlement des différends, à savoir le différend concernant l'Union européenne et Airbus (voir ci-après).
Crecimiento del comercio mundial de mercancías en términos de valor, 2005-2015
El descenso de los precios mundiales de los productos básicos tuvo repercusiones significativas en el valor del comercio mundial de bienes en 2015.