China
Concluding remarks by the Chairperson of the Trade Policy Review Body, Ms Irene Young of Hong Kong, China at the Trade Policy Review of the United States, 19 and 21 December 2016
This Trade Policy Review has been a very useful opportunity for Members to understand the economic trade and investment policies of the United States. I would like to thank the delegation led by Ambassador Michael Punke our discussant Ambassador Daniel Blockert and the more than 60 delegations that had either taken the floor or had shared their written statements with us for their valuable contributions.
Le développement du commerce électronique en Chine et la pertinence des politiques
La valeur en dollars des transactions électroniques effectuées en Chine a considérablement augmenté au cours des 20 dernières années notamment grâce à l’amélioration des infrastructures à la croissance rapide de la téléphonie mobile et à l’accroissement des financements. Le marché se caractérise également par une diversité croissante notamment à la lumière de l’accroissement des services médicaux électroniques de l’expansion du commerce électronique transfrontières et du développement des transactions en ligne à hors ligne. Le gouvernement national de la Chine a joué un rôle important dans le développement du commerce électronique grâce à l’élaboration de politiques dans le cadre de plans quinquennaux tandis que les gouvernements régionaux ont quant à eux participé à la planification et à l’ajustement du cadre de la politique relative au commerce électronique en fonction de la situation locale.
Introduction
The Trade Policy Review Mechanism (TPRM) was first established on a trial basis by the GATT contracting parties in April 1989. The Mechanism became a permanent feature of the World Trade Organization under the Marrakesh Agreement which established the WTO in January 1995.
Preface
The Trade Policy Review Mechanism (TPRM) was first established on a trial basis by the GATT CONTRACTING PARTIES in April 1989. The Mechanism became a permanent feature of the World Trade Organization under the Marrakesh Agreement which established the WTO in January 1995.
Driving Economic Growth through Trade Policy Reforms and Investment Attraction in the Open World Economy: The Experience of China
China achieved a great leap forward in its economic development in the last thirty years supported by profound trade policy reforms significant infrastructure investment and utilization of foreign capital under the overarching state policy of reform and opening-up. Shares of manufactures and services in production have kept increasing and remarkable export performance has been scored during this period. Additions of labour and capital as well as competitive costs have largely shaped the economy’s comparative advantages up to now and they are likely to be replaced by increasing domestic consumption productivity growth and a greater reliance on services as the main factors sustaining future economic growth albeit at a slower pace. Nonetheless opening-up and domestic policy reforms going hand-in-hand will continue to play a critical role. The question that this paper addresses from China’s perspective may serve as a reference for the African economies seeking to establish a strong manufacturing base and to realise economic take-off with the help of a clear opening-up strategy and a proper trade policy toolkit.
Trade Liberalization and the Hukou System of the People’s Republic of China: How Migration Frictions Can Amplify the Unequal Gains from Trade
The emergence of the People’s Republic of China as a great economic power has stimulated an epochal shift in patterns of world trade in contradiction to the conventional wisdom regarding the impact of trade on labor markets in developed countries (Autor Dorn and Hanson 2016). The global effects of the People’s Republic of China’s trade and economic growth has been widely documented (Autor Dorn and Hanson 2013; Bugamelli Fabiani and Sette 2015; Balsvik Jensen and Salvanes 2015; Giovanni Levchenko and Zhang 2014; Hsieh and Ossa 2011) reshaping our understanding of the consequences of trade for wages unemployment and other labor market outcomes.