A propos de l’OMC
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Budget, finance and administration
In 2011, the Committee on Budget, Finance and Administration reviewed the budget proposal for the biennium 2012-2013 for the WTO and International Trade Centre (ITC) and discussed issues relating to members in lengthy arrears on contributions, the WTO building project and human resources matters.
Foreword
The World Trade Report 2007 is the fifth in a series launched in 2002. This year’s Report marks sixty years of multilateralism in trade through the GATT/WTO. On 1 January 1948 the GATT came into being with 23 signatories. Six decades on, at the beginning of next year, we celebrate a WTO with over 150 Members. This is an institution that has changed and grown in fascinating ways, striving to meet the challenges posed by increasingly complex trade relations in a globalizing world. The GATT/WTO has evolved from its comparatively modest focus in the early years on reducing and binding tariffs on manufactured goods to encompass a deeper and wider set of disciplines across a range of policy areas. At the same time, over sixty years the system has brought together a growing number of nations at different levels of development, with varied policy priorities, in a cooperative endeavour to forge an international trade policy regime that promises mutual gain.
Programa de Doha para el Desarrollo
El éxito logrado en la Novena Conferencia Ministerial de la OMC en diciembre de 2013 dio un nuevo impulso a la labor en el marco del Programa de Doha para el Desarrollo en 2014.
Towards health and trade policy coherence
There is common ground between health and trade, and between the objectives of the WHO and the WTO. The WHO's objective is "the attainment of all peoples of the highest possible level of health", and WHO defines health as "a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity". Good health is one important building block for sustainable economic development. With regard to trade, an underlying assumption is that a liberal international trade regime, subject to reasonably stable and predictable conditions, improves the climate for investment, production and employment creation, and therefore contributes to economic growth and development. Generally, the health status of a country is affected positively by such growth. This expectation is reflected in the opening words of the agreement establishing the World Trade Organization
Geographical indications
This chapter explains the provisions of Section 3 of Part II of the TRIPS Agreement entitled ‘Geographical Indications’. A geographical indication (GI) is defined in the TRIPS Agreement as an indication which identifies a good as originating in the territory of a member, or a regional locality in that territory, where a given quality, reputation or other characteristic of the good is essentially attributable to its geographical origin. Typical examples would be ‘Cognac’ for a brandy coming from that region of France and ‘Darjeeling’ for tea coming from that region of India.
Forging new agreements
The WTO’s agreements on goods, services and intellectual property mostly date back to the conclusion of the Uruguay Round in 1994. But since then, the WTO has also sought to forge new agreements. These have included the Information Technology Agreement, which has eliminated tariffs on a broad range of IT products, and new agreements on telecommunications and financial services that have led to significant growth in these sectors.
Comercio de mercancías
En cuatro reuniones celebradas en 2012 el Consejo del Comercio de Mercancías aprobó varias solicitudes de exención, individuales y colectivas, como la prórroga de la exención relativa al Sistema de Certificación del Proceso de Kimberley, la armonización en curso de las listas arancelarias y los derechos aplicados por la Unión Europea a determinadas mercancías procedentes del Pakistán. También examinó una serie de preocupaciones comerciales planteadas por los Miembros.
Enhanced Integrated Framework for LDCs
The Enhanced Integrated Framework (EIF) for trade-related assistance to LDCs became effectively operational in 2009. By the end of the year, 47 LDCs were involved in the EI F process, and the EI F Trust Fund had risen to US $ 90 million. The breadth of support enjoyed by the EI F was manifest at the EI F Ministerial event hosted by the Director-General on the margins of the Seventh WTO Ministerial Conference in December 2009.
General introduction
This Note has been produced at the request of the Council for Trade in Services in the framework of the review of the Air Transport Annex which stipulates in paragraph 5 that “the Council for Trade in Services shall review periodically, and at least every five years, developments in the air transport sector and the operation of this Annex with a view to considering the possible further application of the Agreement in this sector”. The Secretariat has been asked by Council for Trade in Services to update document S/C/W/59, dated 5 November 1998 and document S/C/W/129, dated 15 October 1999.
Trade, debt and finance
WTO Director-General Roberto Azevêdo raised the issue of developing countries’ access to trade finance at a seminar of the Working Group on Trade, Debt and Finance in March and again at the Third UN Financing for Development Conference in Addis Ababa in July. Trading companies, in particular from developing countries, find increasing difficulties in accessing trade finance. DG Azevêdo pledged to consult multilateral partners and make concrete proposals in the first half of 2016. The Working Group continued efforts to improve understanding of the links between exchange rates and trade.
Fonds pour l’application des normes et le développement du commerce
Le Fonds pour l’application des normes et le développement du commerce (STDF) a continué à aider les pays en développement à améliorer leur capacité d’appliquer les normes sanitaires et phytosanitaires (SPS) et d’accéder à des marchés plus vastes. Il a aidé à préparer et mettre en oeuvre de nombreux nouveaux projets visant à promouvoir le respect des normes internationales et à faciliter l’accès aux marchés. Il a également élaboré un guide indiquant comment établir l’ordre de priorité des investissements SPS et il a publié une série d’études de cas indiquant les résultats des projets récents.
Communication avec les parlementaires
Pour la première fois, en 2011, la Conférence parlementaire annuelle sur l'OMC, organisée par l'Union interparlementaire et le Parlement européen, s'est déroulée à l'OMC. Le Secrétariat de l'OMC a continué à distribuer sa lettre d'information périodique à un nombre croissant de parlementaires. L'OMC a également organisé deux ateliers régionaux à l'intention des parlementaires en coopération avec des partenaires régionaux.
Actividades de investigación económica
En 2015, la División de Estudios Económicos y Estadística de la OMC organizó una amplia gama de actividades de proyección exterior, entre ellas la presentación de varias publicaciones importantes de la OMC, la celebración del cuarto taller anual sobre el comercio, que reunió a investigadores de la OMC, el Banco Mundial y el Fondo Monetario Internacional (FMI), y varios seminarios.
Activités de l'OMC
L’Organisation mondiale du commerce (OMC) est le fondement juridique et institutionnel du système commercial multilatéral. Elle énonce les principales obligations contractuelles en fonction desquelles les gouvernements élaborent et mettent en oe uvre leurs législations et réglementations nationales relatives au commerce. Elle constitue aussi la plate-forme sur laquelle les relations commerciales entre les pays évoluent par le biais de négociations, de décisions et de débats collectifs.
Understanding the WTO
There are a number of ways of looking at the World Trade Organization. It is an organization for trade opening. It is a forum for governments to negotiate trade agreements. It is a place for them to settle trade disputes. It operates a system of trade rules. It helps developing countries build their trade capacity. Essentially, the WTO is a place where member governments try to sort out the trade problems they face with each other.
Communication
En 2008, les contacts avec les organisations non gouvernementales, les parlementaires, d’autres organisations et le public se sont encore développés grâce à diverses activités, telles que le Forum public annuel de l’OMC, qui a attiré un nombre record de 1 334 personnes, en octobre. Plus de 150 séances d’information ont été organisées à l’OMC en 2008, avec quelque 4 700 participants.