Trade monitoring
Introduction
These Trade Profiles combine information on trade flows and trade policy measures of WTO members, observers and other selected economies.
Rapports de suivi du commerce
En 2012, les pays ont généralement résisté aux pressions intérieures qui s’exerçaient pour qu’ils érigent des obstacles au commerce, bien que certains aient mis en place de nouvelles mesures restrictives pour le commerce. Les incertitudes économiques et le niveau élevé du chômage ont continué à alimenter les pressions protectionnistes intérieures. L’économie mondiale a été en proie à des turbulences de plus en plus fortes, qui ont entravé la croissance du commerce et de la production. Le Secrétariat de l’OMC a revu à la baisse sa prévision de croissance du commerce mondial pour 2012, la ramenant à 2,5 pour cent, contre 3,7 pour cent en début d’année.
Commerce des services commerciaux
Le secteur des transports a connu une année difficile en 2015. Les tarifs d’expédition de conteneurs ont fortement baissé et le secteur du transport maritime a souffert de surcapacité en raison de la baisse de la demande dans les économies en développement. Les volumes mondiaux du fret aérien ont fléchi, en particulier en Asie et en Europe, en raison de la diminution des échanges de marchandises. En revanche, la baisse des tarifs aériens mondiaux résultant de la chute des prix du pétrole a dopé le trafic aérien international de passagers, qui a progressé de 6,5%, un record pour les dix dernières années.
Concluding Remarks by the Chairperson of the Trade Policy Review Body, H.E. Mr Eloi Laourou of Benin at the Trade Policy Review of Colombia, 12 and 14 June 2018
This fifth Trade Policy Review has allowed us to deepen our understanding of Colombia’s trade and investment policies, and in particular, of the several reforms and changes introduced since the last Review in 2012. I would like to thank the Colombian delegation headed by Mrs. Olga Lucía Lozano, Vice-Minister of Foreign Trade, for her very constructive engagement throughout this exercise. I would also like to thank our discussant, Ambassador José Luis Cancela, Permanent Representative of Uruguay to the WTO, for his interesting and insightful remarks, as well as the 39 delegations which took the floor the first day, for their active participation in this review.
Contact with the business community
In 2014, the WTO continued to build its relations with business. The interest from both business groups as well as individual companies to know more about the WTO’s functions and operations is growing. This became clear during the 2014 Public Forum, “Why trade matters to everyone”, where business was very well represented. The number of private sector visits to the WTO went up significantly in 2014.
Introduction
The Trade Policy Review Mechanism (TPRM) was first established on a trial basis by the GATT contracting parties in April 1989. The Mechanism became a permanent feature of the World Trade Organization under the Marrakesh Agreement which established the WTO in January 1995.