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Contact with the public
Visitors to the WTO website continue to exceed more than 1.8 million a month. Total page views increased by 14 per cent in 2013, reaching a total of more than 40 million. The WTO attracted an increasing number of followers to its social media pages, such as Facebook, Twitter and YouTube. The WTO received over 40,000 public email enquiries in 2013 and welcomed over 160 visiting groups. Fifty-seven new WTO publications were produced.
Report by Thailand
Since its previous trade policy review in 2007, the Thai economy has thriven through challenged and crisis and expanded moderately at the annualized rate at 4.5%. Overall, Thailand’s macroeconomic fundamentals have been strong. Despite some risks of political instability and external uncertainties, the economy has performed well as a result of significant growth in investment as well as strong domestic and external demands, in particular from private consumption which continues to grow following higher income and low unemployment rate.
Acknowledgements
The World Trade Report 2008 was prepared under the general direction of Deputy Director-General Alejandro Jara. Patrick Low, Director of the Economic Research and Statistics Division, led the team responsible for writing the Report. The principal authors of the Report were Marc Bacchetta, Chad Bown, K. Michael Finger, Marion Jansen, Alexander Keck, Roberta Piermartini, Michele Ruta and Robert Teh. Trade statistics information was provided by the Statistics Group of the Economic Research and Statistics Division, coordinated by Hubert Escaith, Julia de Verteuil, Andreas Maurer and Jürgen Richtering.
Introduction
The Trade Policy Review Mechanism (TPRM) was first established on a trial basis by the GATT contracting parties in April 1989. The Mechanism became a permanent feature of the World Trade Organization under the Marrakesh Agreement which established the WTO in January 1995.
Résumé analytique
Le rapport est divisé en quatre grandes sections. La première présente une analyse historique des accords commerciaux préférentiels (ACPr) et décrit la situation actuelle. Elle fournit des données montrant la forte augmentation de l’activité dans le domaine des ACPr ces dernières années, en la ventilant par région, niveau de développement économique et type d’accord d’intégration. Elle donne une estimation précise de la part du commerce entre membres d’ACPr qui bénéficie d’un traitement préférentiel.
Developments in trade policy
Since the last WTO Annual Report, conditions for trade and trade-related policy-making have become considerably more difficult. The effects of the financial and economic crisis affecting emerging markets and of the economic downturn in Japan are far from fully worked through. They are having a serious impact on the pattern of world economic growth, and hence, on trade and on commodity markets (Chapter Two). Although there has been some backtracking in trade liberalization, the multilateral trading system – as seen in the development of trade policies – seemed, in September 1998, to be standing up well to the turbulence in financial and trading markets.
Coopération technique et formation
L’Institut de formation et de coopération technique (IFCT) a renforcé la conception et l’exécution des programmes d’assistance technique de l’OMC, ainsi que certains aspects essentiels de ces programmes. L’OMC a organisé 324 activités d’assistance technique en 2014, ce qui est plus qu’en 2013 (279) mais moins qu’en 2012 (343). Malgré la diminution du nombre total d’activités par rapport à 2012, le nombre de participants bénéficiant d’une assistance technique continue d’augmenter grâce à l’utilisation croissante de l’apprentissage en ligne, l’accent étant mis de plus en plus sur les pays les moins avancés (PMA) et sur l’Afrique.
Programme de chaires de l'OMC
En mars 2009, le Secrétariat a lancé un nouveau Programme de chaires de l'OMC (PCO), pour fournir un appui ciblé aux activités d'enseignement, de recherche et de sensibilisation de 14 universités et instituts de recherche situés dans des pays en développement.
Report by the WTO Secretariat
Nepal started to liberalize its trade and investment regime, unilaterally, in 1992 and became the first least developed country (LDC) to join the WTO through the full accession process in April 2004. Since then, economic performance has not resulted in the strong development Nepal needs. Key factors impeding higher rates of GDP growth include political instability (due to the transition process embarked upon after the internal conflict of 1996-2006) and supply-side constraints, notably energy shortages, poor infrastructure, and labour strikes. Recognizing the effective role of trade to achieve sustainable and inclusive economic growth, and to establish the conditions to reduce poverty and improve the living standard of its people, Nepal is taking further steps to create a more friendly business environment and help its exporters to become more competitive.
Rapports de suivi du commerce
Les rapports de suivi du commerce ont montré que le nombre de nouvelles mesures restrictives pour le commerce prises par les Membres de l’OMC avait légèrement diminué. Les rapports de suivi insistent sur le fait que les Membres de l’OMC doivent travailler ensemble pour faire en sorte que les avantages du commerce soient plus largement partagés et soient mieux compris.
Remerciements
Le Secrétariat de l’OMC exprime sa reconnaissance à la Banque mondiale, le Centre du commerce international, la Conférence des Nations Unies sur le commerce et le développement, la Division de statistique de l’Organisation des Nations Unies, le Fonds monétaire international, l’Organisation de coopération et de développement économiques, l’Organisation mondiale de la propriété intellectuelle et l’Office statistique des Communautés européennes. L’assistance de ces organisations, qui ont fourni des statistiques et d’autres renseignements, a grandement facilité le travail du Secrétariat.
Trade and environment
In 2010, the Committee on Trade and Environment (CTE), meeting in regular session, focused on the impact of environmental measures on market access, especially for developing countries. The committee paid particular attention to win-win-win situations where the elimination or reduction of trade restrictions and distortions would benefit trade, the environment and development. Alongside committee meetings, the WTO Secretariat organized three information events, on the 2009 joint WTO-United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) report, Trade and Climate Change, on carbon footprint schemes and labelling, and on linkages between trade, transport and the environment.
Contacts avec le monde des entreprises
En 2013, l’OMC a lancé un certain nombre d’initiatives pour renforcer ses relations avec les entreprises, notamment en leur consacrant une nouvelle partie de son site Web. Le Forum public 2013, qui avait pour thème « L’expansion du commerce par l’innovation et l’économie numérique », a suscité beaucoup d’intérêt parmi les entreprises. L’OMC a co-organisé le premier séminaire régional consacré au secteur privé de la région arabe. Le monde des entreprises était bien représenté à Bali pour la neuvième Conférence ministérielle de l’OMC.
Évolution des politiques commerciales
Depuis 2009, l’OMC suit les tendances et l’évolution des politiques commerciales et publie régulièrement des rapports de suivi du commerce. Ces rapports visent à rendre l’évolution des politiques commerciales plus transparente et à donner aux Membres de l’OMC et aux observateurs un aperçu à jour des tendances globales dans l’élaboration des politiques commerciales internationales, et dans l’application des mesures restrictives pour le commerce et des mesures de libéralisation des échanges. L’exercice de suivi a été lancé à la fin de 2008, immédiatement après le début de la crise financière, et il a considérablement évolué depuis.
Trade and environment
In 2016, the Committee on Trade and Environment discussed a broad range of trade-related environmental issues, including climate change, reform of fossil fuel subsidies, chemicals and waste management, wildlife trade, forestry and fisheries. The Committee was also updated on the WTO environmental database, the environmental provisions in regional trade agreements and the Environmental Goods Agreement negotiations.
Concluding Remarks by the Chairperson of the Trade Policy Review Body, H.E. Mr. Bozkurt Aran (Turkey) at the Trade Policy Review of Jamaica 18 and 20 January 2011
This third Trade Policy Review of Jamaica has allowed Members to assess developments since 2005 and help develop a deeper understanding of Jamaica’s trade and investment regime. The participation of Dr. Baugh, Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Foreign Affairs and Foreign Trade, Ambassador McCook and their delegation greatly contributed to the success of this meeting. I am also grateful to our discussant, Ambassador Piantini Munnigh of the Dominican Republic for his insightful observations.
Report by the WTO Secretariat
The Philippines economy has performed well since its third TPR in 2005, based on a relatively open trade regime. Nonetheless, the economy is operating below potential due to the slow pace of reform while some of the key constraints on overall growth remain (e.g. inadequate infrastructure, low investment, and governance issues). Improved productivity is essential for the Philippines to compete with low-cost neighbouring economies, and additional steps are needed to promote more competition, improve human capital, eliminate limitations on foreign investment, reduce incentives, and reform state-owned institutions. It is also hoped that the Government’s recently launched public-private partnerships initiative will encourage investment in major infrastructure projects.