Trade monitoring
Trade and development
Capacity-building initiatives, market access for least-developed countries (LDCs) and the Aid for Trade initiative were some of the important issues discussed by the Committee on Trade and Development and its sub-committee on LDCs in 2009.
Accord sur les marchés publics
En octobre 2014, les négociations sur l’accession du Monténégro et de la Nouvelle- Zélande à l’Accord sur les marchés publics (AMP) ont été achevées, donnant à ces pays accès à un marché de 1 700 milliards de dollars EU. Des avancées importantes ont eu lieu en ce qui concerne l’accession à l’AMP de plusieurs autres Membres de l’OMC, comme la Chine, Moldova et l’Ukraine. L’Accord révisé, adopté par les parties à l’AMP en 2012, est entré en vigueur (voir la page 43). Un nouvel outil d’information automatisé sur l’accès aux marchés, le système e-GPA, a été rendu public. Le Secrétariat de l’OMC a entrepris des activités d’assistance technique de haut niveau et a renforcé sa collaboration avec d’autres organisations internationales.
Government Procurement Agreement
In October 2014, negotiations were concluded on the accessions of Montenegro and New Zealand to the Government Procurement Agreement (GPA), giving them access to a US$ 1.7 trillion market. Important developments occurred with respect to the GPA accessions of several other WTO members, including China, Moldova and Ukraine. The revised Agreement, adopted by the GPA parties in 2012, came into force. A new, automated market access information tool, the e-GPA system, was publicly released. The WTO Secretariat undertook high-level technical assistance and deepened its collaborative partnerships with other international organizations.
Dispute settlement activity in 2010
In 2010 the Dispute Settlement Body (DSB) received 17 notifications from members of formal requests for consultations under the Dispute Settlement Understanding (DSU), the first stage in the dispute process. It met 13 times during the year, establishing six panels to adjudicate seven new cases. (Where two or more complaints relate to the same matter, they are normally adjudicated by a single panel.) The DSB also adopted five panel and two Appellate Body reports concerning five distinct matters. One mutually agreed solution was notified in 2010.
Report by the WTO Secretariat
This is the third Trade Policy Review of Papua New Guinea (PNG). Its macroeconomic performance has been broadly satisfactory, with the economy growing at an annual average rate of 5.2% during 2010-18. Real GDP growth peaked at 15.4% in 2014 but decelerated to an estimated zero in 2018. The recent slowdown was attributed to low commodity prices, a major drought in 2017 and a big earthquake in February 2018 which also weakened PNG’s external position and created fiscal challenges.
Exámenes de las políticas comerciales realizados en 2013
En 2013, la OMC realizó 15 exámenes de las políticas y prácticas comerciales de 20 Miembros. Las fechas de los exámenes y los países examinados figuran en el mapa. En el sitio Web de la OMC (www.wto.org/mepc_s) puede obtenerse más información, incluidas las observaciones del Presidente a modo de conclusión relativas a cada uno de los exámenes.
Informe de la Secretaría de la OMC
Durante el período examinado, el Uruguay ha venido implementando políticas encaminadas a garantizar la estabilidad macroeconómica. Entre 2011 y 2017, el Uruguay experimentó un crecimiento económico en línea con su crecimiento potencial, que se tradujo en un incremento promedio del PIB real del orden del 3% anual. Entre 2011 y 2014, el crecimiento del PIB estuvo respaldado por una fuerte demanda interna, y se benefició también de un entorno externo favorable, caracterizado por altos precios internacionales de las materias primas agrícolas. En 2015 y 2016 el crecimiento del PIB fue débil debido a la caída de la demanda interna como consecuencia en parte de los efectos negativos de la depreciación del peso en el poder adquisitivo de la población. Las exportaciones netas compensaron solo parcialmente la caída de la demanda interna. A partir de 2017 se ha observado un mayor crecimiento del PIB, sustentado en buena medida en el aumento de las exportaciones, tanto de bienes (soja, carne, arroz) como de servicios (turismo).
Acuerdos comerciales regionales
En 2010, la OMC recibió 26 nuevas notificaciones referentes a 18 acuerdos comerciales regionales (ACR). De los 484 ACR notificados a la OMC al 31 de diciembre de 2010, estaban en vigor 293 (véase el gráfico 11). Los ACR incluyen acuerdos bilaterales e interregionales de libre comercio.
Overview
1999 was a turbulent year for the WTO. After the Organization had been without a Director-General or Deputy Directors-General for four months, the new Director-General, Mr. Moore, took office only on 1 September, when the Third Ministerial Session at Seattle was already looming. It is a matter of record that, despite a year of hard preparatory work by the Chairman of the General Council, delegations and the Secretariat, the Ministerial failed to reach agreement either on the launch of a new Round of trade negotiations or on the other important points which had emerged in the course of the preparatory process. Furthermore, the WTO found itself at the centre of a wave of resentment against many aspects of the global economy, for which the Seattle Ministerial became a focus.
Trade and transfer of technology
The Working Group on Trade and Transfer of Technology continued to analyse the relationship between trade and transfer of technology. It heard a presentation by Chinese Taipei on its experience with technological innovation and its transfer. WTO members also continued to discuss a submission by India, Pakistan and the Philippines on “facilitating access to information on appropriate technology sourcing”.