Trade monitoring
Comprendre l'OMC
Il y a plusieurs manières de considérer l'Organisation mondiale du commerce. C'est une organisation qui s'occupe de l'ouverture commerciale. C'est une enceinte où les gouvernements négocient des accords commerciaux. C'est un lieu où ils règlent leurs différends commerciaux. C'est une organisation qui administre un ensemble de règles commerciales. L'OMC est essentiellement un lieu où les gouvernements Membres tentent de régler les problèmes commerciaux qui les opposent.
Concluding remarks by the Chairperson of the Trade Policy Review Body, H.E. Mr. Vesa Himanen at the Trade Policy Review of the United States 9 and 11 June 2008
This ninth Trade Policy Review of the United States has allowed us to hold a frank discussion on U.S. trade policies and practices, focusing on changes since the last U.S. review in March 2006. The discussions have benefited from the full engagement of the U.S. delegation, led by Ambassador Allgeier, from the constructive contributions by the discussant, Ambassador Uribe, and from the comments by Members.
Introduction
The Trade Policy Review Mechanism (TPRM) was first established on a trial basis by the GATT CONTRACTING PARTIES in April 1989. The Mechanism became a permanent feature of the World Trade Organization under the Marrakesh Agreement which established the WTO in January 1995.
Technical cooperation and training
The WTO Secretariat undertook 315 technical assistance activities in 2016 aimed at helping government officials gain a better understanding of WTO rules and the multilateral trading system. Over 18,400 participants benefited from these training activities, up from some 15,000 in 2015. Least-developed countries (LDCs) were invited to participate in 60 per cent of all technical assistance activities, significantly more than in past years. Nearly half of the participants accessed training through e-learning resources on the WTO’s online platform. An external report highlighted the value of the WTO’s technical assistance programme.
Acknowledgements
Acknowledgements are due to the International Monetary Fund, the International Trade Centre, the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development, the Statistical Office of the European Communities, United Nations Conference on Trade and Development, the United Nations Statistics Division, the World Bank and the World Intellectual Property Organization. The assistance of all these organizations in supplying statistics as well as other information has greatly facilitated the work of the WTO Secretariat.
El comercio de bienes y servicios ha fluctuado considerablemente durante los últimos 20 años
Hasta finales del decenio de 1990, las corrientes comerciales aumentaron gradualmente. A comienzos del decenio de 2000 se registró un fuerte aumento de las mismas y después de la crisis económica de 2008 una caída pronunciada. En los últimos años se ha observado una moderada recuperación.
Marco Integrado mejorado
El Marco Integrado mejorado (MIM) siguió creciendo en 2014, al aumentar el número de proyectos activos en los países beneficiarios. Actualmente, 46 países reciben asistencia para fortalecer sus instituciones comerciales y hacer frente a las dificultades relacionadas con el comercio, y el último PMA en incorporarse al MIM ha sido Somalia. Tras una evaluación independiente, el Comité Directivo del MIM decidió prorrogar el programa, para pasar a una segunda etapa cuando termine la primera en 2015. El MIM recibe fondos de donantes que, al 31 de diciembre de 2014, habían prometido contribuciones por valor de 251 millones de dólares EE.UU. y aportado unos 201 millones de dólares EE.UU. (frente a 190 millones de dólares EE.UU. en 2013).
Comprendre l’OMC
Il y a plusieurs manières de considérer l’Organisation mondiale du commerce. C’est une organisation qui s’occupe de l’ouverture commerciale. C’est une enceinte où les gouvernements négocient des accords commerciaux. C’est un lieu où ils règlent leurs différends commerciaux. C’est une organisation qui administre un ensemble de règles commerciales. L’OMC aide les pays en développement à renforcer leur capacité commerciale. C’est essentiellement un lieu où les gouvernements Membres tentent de régler les problèmes commerciaux qui les opposent.
Conclusions
This report has sought to deepen understanding of the role, incidence and effects of non-tariff measures and services measures in the multilateral trading system of the 21st century. Against a background of profound changes in the nature of trade flows and trade patterns, institutions, social and environmental realities, and consumer preferences, the Report has identified the challenges that NTMs and services measures raise for international cooperation and, more specifically, for the World Trade Organization.