United States
Trade Policy Review: United States of America 2016
“Trade Policy Reviews" analyse the trade policies and practices of each member of the WTO. The reviews consist of three parts: an independent report by the WTO Secretariat, a report by the government, and the concluding remarks by the Chair of the WTO’s Trade Policy Review Body. The opening section - "key trade facts" - provides a visual overview of the WTO member's major exports/imports, main export destinations, origins for its imports and other key data. This edition looks into the trade practices of the United States of America.
Trade Policy Review: United States of America 2010
“Trade Policy Reviews” analyse the trade policies and practices of each member of the WTO. The reviews consist of three parts: an independent report by the WTO Secretariat, a report by the government, and the concluding remarks by the Chair of the WTO’s Trade Policy Review Body. The opening section - “key trade facts” - provides a visual overview of the WTO member’s major exports/imports, main export destinations, origins for its imports and other key data. This edition looks into the trade practices of the United States of America.
Trade Policy Review: United States of America 2008
“Trade Policy Reviews” analyse the trade policies and practices of each member of the WTO. The reviews consist of three parts: an independent report by the WTO Secretariat, a report by the government, and the concluding remarks by the Chair of the WTO’s Trade Policy Review Body. The opening section - “key trade facts” - provides a visual overview of the WTO member’s major exports/imports, main export destinations, origins for its imports and other key data. This edition looks into the trade practices of the United States.
Trade Policy Review: USA 2014
“Trade Policy Reviews” analyse the trade policies and practices of each member of the WTO. The reviews consist of three parts: an independent report by the WTO Secretariat, a report by the government, and the concluding remarks by the Chair of the WTO’s Trade Policy Review Body. The opening section - “key trade facts” - provides a visual overview of the WTO member's major exports/imports, main export destinations, origins for its imports and other key data. This edition looks into the trade practices of the USA.
Trade Policy Review: United States 2018
“Trade Policy Reviews” analyse the trade policies and practices of each member of the WTO. The reviews consist of three parts: an independent report by the WTO Secretariat, a report by the government, and the concluding remarks by the Chair of the WTO’s Trade Policy Review Body. The opening section - “key trade facts” - provides a visual overview of the WTO member’s major exports/imports, main export destinations, origins for its imports and other key data. This edition looks into the trade practices of United States of America.
Trade Policy Review: United States of America 2012
“Trade Policy Reviews” analyse the trade policies and practices of each member of the WTO. The reviews consist of three parts: an independent report by the WTO Secretariat, a report by the government, and the concluding remarks by the Chair of the WTO’s Trade Policy Review Body. The opening section - “key trade facts” - provides a visual overview of the WTO member’s major exports/imports, main export destinations, origins for its imports and other key data. This edition looks into the trade practices of the United States.
Trade Policy Review: United States of America 2022
“Trade Policy Reviews" analyse the trade policies and practices of each member of the WTO. The reviews consist of three parts: an independent report by the WTO Secretariat, a report by the government, and the concluding remarks by the Chair of the WTO’s Trade Policy Review Body. The opening section - "key trade facts" - provides a visual overview of the WTO member’s major exports/imports, main export destinations, origins for its imports and other key data. This edition looks into the trade practices of the United States of America.
Introduction
The Trade Policy Review Mechanism (TPRM) was first established on a trial basis by the GATT contracting parties in April 1989. The Mechanism became a permanent feature of the World Trade Organization under the Marrakesh Agreement which established the WTO in January 1995.
Report by the WTO Secretariat
This is the 14th Trade Policy Review of the United States. Since the last Review in 2016, the focus of U.S. trade policy has shifted to adopting policies that are intended to support its national security and strengthen its economy. These priorities are reflected in the President’s 2018 Trade Policy Agenda, which also calls for negotiating better trade deals, enforcing U.S. trade laws and U.S. rights under existing trade agreements, and reforming the multilateral trading system.
Introduction
The Trade Policy Review Mechanism (TPRM) was first established on a trial basis by the GATT contracting parties in April 1989. The Mechanism became a permanent feature of the World Trade Organization under the Marrakesh Agreement which established the WTO in January 1995.
Minutes of the TPRB meeting
The Chairperson welcomed members of the Trade Policy Review Body to the ninth Review of the United States. He greeted the delegation of the United States led by H.E. Ambassador Peter Allgeier, Permanent Representative to the WTO, and the discussant, H.E. Ambassador Claudia Uribe (Colombia). The discussant had made available, in document WT/TPR/D/175, the main issues she intended to raise.
Concluding remarks by the Chairperson of the Trade Policy Review Body, H.E. Mr. Vesa Himanen at the Trade Policy Review of the United States 9 and 11 June 2008
This ninth Trade Policy Review of the United States has allowed us to hold a frank discussion on U.S. trade policies and practices, focusing on changes since the last U.S. review in March 2006. The discussions have benefited from the full engagement of the U.S. delegation, led by Ambassador Allgeier, from the constructive contributions by the discussant, Ambassador Uribe, and from the comments by Members.
Concluding remarks by the Chairperson of the Trade Policy Review Body, Ms Irene Young of Hong Kong, China at the Trade Policy Review of the United States, 19 and 21 December 2016
This Trade Policy Review has been a very useful opportunity for Members to understand the economic, trade, and investment policies of the United States. I would like to thank the delegation led by Ambassador Michael Punke, our discussant, Ambassador Daniel Blockert, and the more than 60 delegations that had either taken the floor or had shared their written statements with us, for their valuable contributions.
Preface
The Trade Policy Review Mechanism (TPRM) was first established on a trial basis by the GATT CONTRACTING PARTIES in April 1989. The Mechanism became a permanent feature of the World Trade Organization under the Marrakesh Agreement which established the WTO in January 1995.
Report by the WTO Secretariat
The United States’ economy has been marked by slow but steady recovery and some re-balancing since its last Review. Merchandise and services trade figures have re-bounded significantly since the 2009 financial crisis and have now reached new peak levels, surpassing previous 2008 peak levels. Services trade in particular has shown a growing trade surplus, and services account for approximately 70% of U.S. output. The United States has set in motion policies for domestic and international rebalancing; i.e. moving away from consumption and real estate and encouraging export and investment growth.
Report by the United States
As an original member of the World Trade Organization (WTO), the United States maintains an abiding commitment to the rules-based multilateral trading system. The WTO represents the multilateral bedrock of U.S. trade policy, playing a vital role in securing new economic opportunities for American workers, farmers, ranchers, manufacturers, and service providers and promoting global growth and development with widely shared benefits. The WTO agreements also provide a foundation for high-standard U.S. bilateral and regional agreements that make a positive contribution to a dynamic and open global trading system based on the rule of law.
Report by the United States
The United States remains firmly committed to the World Trade Organization as the embodiment of the open, transparent, rules-based multilateral trading system. As the U.S Government undergoes its ninth Trade Policy Review, and as an active participant in the Trade Policy Review Mechanism, the United States steadfastly believes that transparency is a key component of robust world trade. As a key architect of the post-World War II trading system and a leader in the pursuit of successive trade-liberalizing rounds of trade negotiations, the United States shares a common purpose with our WTO partners: expanding economic opportunities for the world’s citizens by reducing trade barriers. The Doha Development Agenda (DDA) is the ninth successive round of multilateral trade negotiations to be carried out since the end of World War II.
Concluding Remarks by the Chairperson of The Trade Policy Review Body, H.E. Mr. Eduardo Muñoz Gómez at The Trade Policy Review of The United States 18 and 20 December 2012
At the conclusion of this eleventh Trade Policy Review of the United States I would like to thank Deputy USTR Ambassador Michael Punke and his delegation for their constructive engagement in this meeting. I would also like to thank Mr. Michael Stone, Permanent Representative of Hong Kong, China to the WTO for his intervention as the discussant. The Review was based on reports by the WTO Secretariat and the United States Government, both of which were appreciated by the delegates, although the Secretariat was asked to provide greater coverage of the services sector, a point which will be taken on-board for the 2014 Review.
Introduction
The Trade Policy Review Mechanism (TPRM) was first established on a trial basis by the GATT contracting parties in April 1989. The Mechanism became a permanent feature of the World Trade Organization under the Marrakesh Agreement which established the WTO in January 1995.
Concluding remarks by the Chairperson of the Trade Policy Review Body, Ms. Sunanta Kangvalkulkij of Thailand at the Trade Policy Review of the United States, 17 and 19 December 2018
This fourteenth Trade Policy Review of the United States has, once again, allowed Members to take a close look at the economic, trade, and investment policies of the world’s single largest trader, and a key Member of the WTO. I would like to thank H.E. Ambassador Dennis C. Shea and his dedicated team for their forthright and active engagement. My gratitude also goes to our discussant, Ambassador Frances Lisson, for her thoughtful comments and remarks and last, but not least, to the 66 delegations that took the floor during these two days.
Report by the United States
As the United States Government undergoes its fourteenth Trade Policy Review—more than any other World Trade Organization (WTO) Member—the United States is committed to reforming the global trading system in ways that lead to fairer outcomes for U.S. workers and businesses, and more efficient markets for countries around the world. U.S. trade policy is driven by a pragmatic determination to use the leverage available to the world’s largest economy to secure these objectives. Our trade policy is steadfastly focused on the national interest, including retaining and using U.S. sovereign power to act in defense of that interest.
Preface
The Trade Policy Review Mechanism (TPRM) was first established on a trial basis by the GATT CONTRACTING PARTIES in April 1989. The Mechanism became a permanent feature of the World Trade Organization under the Marrakesh Agreement which established the WTO in January 1995.
Report by the WTO Secretariat
The openness and transparency of the U.S. trade regime have been key contributing factors to the efficiency that characterizes the U.S. economy as a whole. Since its last Review in 2006, the United States has taken further steps to liberalize its trade regime, although mostly on a preferential basis. In the face of the economic uncertainty prevalent in early 2008, U.S. welfare would be best promoted by exploiting the adjustment capacity of the U.S. economy and continuing to reduce barriers to market access and other distorting measures, including those that result from high levels of assistance in agriculture and energy. Moreover, ongoing efforts to incorporate additional security considerations into U.S. trade and investment policies should be pursued within the framework of the risk-based approach that seems to have served the United States well. Further reforms undertaken on a MFN basis would also lessen distortions in global markets and strengthen the multilateral trading system, as the United States is both the world’s largest single economy and trader.
Preface
The Trade Policy Review Mechanism (TPRM) was first established on a trial basis by the GATT CONTRACTING PARTIES in April 1989. The Mechanism became a permanent feature of the World Trade Organization under the Marrakesh Agreement which established the WTO in January 1995.
Estados Unidos - Medidas que afectan a la producción y venta de cigarrillos de clavo de olor
El 02 de septiembre de 2011, la OMC hizo público el informe del Grupo especial sobre el caso “Estados Unidos - Medidas que afectan a la producción y venta de cigarrillos de clavo de olor”.
États-Unis - Lois, réglementations et méthode de calcul des marges de dumping (Réduction à zéro)
Le 18 avril 2006, l’Organe d’appel a publié son rapport sur l’affaire “États-Unis - Lois, réglementations et méthode de calcul des marges de dumping (Réduction à zéro)”.
Estados Unidos - Mantenimiento de la suspensión de obligaciones en la diferencia CE - Hormonas
El 16 de octubre de 2008, el Órgano de Apelación distribuyó sus informes en los asuntos examinados en los informes del Grupo Especial que se ocupó de “Estados Unidos — Mantenimiento de la suspensión de obligaciones en la diferencia CE — Hormonas” (DS320) y “Canadá — Mantenimiento de la suspensión de obligaciones en la diferencia CE — Hormonas” (DS321), respectivamente.
United States - Measure Affecting Imports of Woven Wool Shirts and Blouses from India
On 30 December 1994, India requested consultations with the United States concerning the transitional safeguard measure imposed by the United States. India claimed that the safeguard measure is inconsistent with Articles 2, 6 and 8 of the ATC.
Inde - Protection conferee par un brevet pour les produits pharmaceutiques et les produits chimiques pour l’agriculture
Le 19 décembre 1997, l’Organe d’appel a publié son rapport sur l’affaire “Inde - Protection conferee par un brevet pour les produits pharmaceutiques et les produits chimiques pour l’agriculture”.
United States - Sunset Reviews of Anti-Dumping Measures on Oil Country Tubular Goods from Argentina - Recourse 1
On 7 October 2002, Argentina requested consultations with the US regarding the final determinations of the US Department of Commerce (“DOC”) and the US International Trade Commission (“ITC”) in the sunset reviews of the anti-dumping duty order on OCTG from Argentina, issued on 7 November 2000 (65 Federal Register 66701) and June 2001 (USITC Pub. No. 3434), respectively, and the DOC’s determination to continue the anti-dumping duty order on OCTG from Argentina, issued on 25 July 2001 (66 Federal Register 38630). Argentina considered that general US laws, regulations, policies and procedures related to the administration of sunset reviews and the application of anti-dumping measures were inconsistent either on their face or as applied with Articles 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 11, 12, and 18 of the Anti-Dumping Agreement (ADA); Articles VI and X of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) 1994; and Article XVI:4 of the WTO Agreement. Furthermore, Argentina claimed that the sunset review conducted by the DOC is inconsistent with Articles 2, 5, 5.8, 11.3, 11.4, 12.1, and 12.3 of the ADA. It also claimed that the sunset review conducted by the ITC was inconsistent with Articles 3 and 11.3 of the ADA.
Estados Unidos - Medidas que afectan al comercio de grandes aeronaves civiles - Segunda reclamación
El 31 de marzo de 2011, la OMC hizo público el informe del Grupo especial sobre el caso “Estados Unidos - Medidas que afectan al comercio de grandes aeronaves civiles - Segunda reclamación”.
Communautés Européennes - Regime applicable à l’importation, à la vente et à la distribution des bananes
Le 09 septembre 1997, l’Organe d’appel a publié son rapport sur l’affaire “Communautes Europeennes - Regime applicable a l’importation, a la vente et a la distribution des bananes”.
European Communities - Regime for the Importation, Sale and Distribution of Bananas
Complaints by Ecuador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico and the United States. The complainants in this case other than Ecuador had requested consultations with the European Communities on the same issue on 28 September 1995 (DS16). After Ecuador’s accession to the WTO, the current complainants again requested consultations with the European Communities on 5 February 1996. The complainants alleged that the European Communities’ regime for importation, sale and distribution of bananas is inconsistent with Articles I, II, III, X, XI and XIII of the GATT 1994 as well as provisions of the Import Licensing Agreement, the Agreement on Agriculture, the TRIMs Agreement and the GATS.
United States - Anti-Dumping Measures on Oil Country Tubular Goods (OCTG) from Mexico
On 18 February 2003, Mexico requested consultations with the US as regards several anti-dumping measures imposed by the US on imports of OCTG from Mexico, including the final determinations in some administrative and sunset reviews; and the US authorities’ determination regarding the continuation of the anti-dumping orders. In addition to these measures, Mexico’s request includes a number of laws, regulations and administrative practices (such as “zeroing”) used by the US authorities in the above determinations. Mexico considers that the above anti-dumping measures are incompatible with Articles 1, 2, 3, 6, 11 and 18 of the Anti-Dumping Agreement, Articles VI and X of the GATT 1994 and Article XVI:4 of the WTO Agreement.
États-Unis - Restrictions à l’importation de vêtements de dessous de coton et de fibres synthétiques ou artificielles
Le 10 février 1997, l’Organe d’appel a publié son rapport sur l’affaire “Etats-Unis - Restrictions à l’importation de vêtements de dessous de coton et de fibres synthétiques ou artificielles”.
Estados Unidos - Medidas antidumping sobre determinados productos de acero laminado en caliente originarios del Japón
El 28 de febrero de 2001, la OMC hizo público el informe del Grupo especial sobre el caso “Estados Unidos - Medidas antidumping sobre determinados productos de acero laminado en caliente originarios del Japón”.