Trade monitoring
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Introduction
Globalization is transforming development. This section examines how, in its scope and speed, the recent rise of the developing world is unprecedented – eclipsing the rise of the newly industrializing countries after the Second World War, and dwarfing the earlier rise of Europe and North America in the late 19th century. There are many reasons why the developing world has achieved economic lift-off. One of the most important is its integration into the world economy – and the new access to markets, technology and investment that has resulted. This rise of the developing world is one of four recent trends that holds new development opportunities while also bringing new challenges. The same is true for three other trends identified here: the spread of production chains, high commodity prices, and growing economic interdependence.
Trade negotiations in 2015
In 2015, the Trade Negotiations Committee and its subsidiary bodies focused on delivering meaningful outcomes for the Tenth Ministerial Conference in Nairobi in December. In the first half of the year, WTO members focused on preparing a post-Bali work programme. Although members ultimately failed to establish this programme, they redoubled efforts in the second half of the year to deliver substantive outcomes in Nairobi. Negotiations at the Ministerial Conference concluded with six ministerial decisions on agriculture, cotton and issues related to least developed countries, known collectively as the “Nairobi Package”. Ministers also issued a declaration on the future of the WTO and members’ divergent views on the Doha Round.
Executive summary
Unprecedented economic growth over the last quarter of a century has necessarily been accompanied by unprecedented economic change.
Executive summary
At the Fourth World Trade Organization Ministerial Meeting held in Doha in November 2001, Ministers launched a comprehensive set of multilateral trade negotiations and a work programme. This mandate is sometimes referred to as the Doha Development Agenda, reflecting a shared desire to ensure that the trading system is relevant and responsive to the needs of developing countries. Among the areas covered by the negotiations or the work programme are market access in manufactures, agriculture and services, certain rules (including anti-dumping, subsidies and countervailing measures, and regional arrangements), trade and environment, trade-related intellectual property rights, the relationship between trade and investment, the interaction between trade and competition policy, transparency in government procurement, trade facilitation, and dispute settlement. Developing countries were particularly instrumental in putting certain issues on the agenda, including trade and technology transfer, trade, debt and finance, small economies, implementation issues (mostly pending from the Uruguay Round) and special and differential treatment. Views continue to differ on how and in some cases whether to include all the issues mentioned above in the negotiations, which are due for completion at the end of 2004.
Trade in goods
During its four formal sessions in 2010, the Council for Trade in Goods considered various waiver requests from WTO members and trade concerns raised by members on measures implemented by other WTO members, and dealt with other routine tasks.
Organe d'appel
En 2009, il a été fait appel de trois rapports de groupes spéciaux auprès de l'Organe d'appel, sur un total de cinq rapports susceptibles de faire l'objet d'un appel. L'un de ces appels portait sur des procédures de groupe spécial initial. Deux autres portaient sur des procédures de groupe spécial au titre de l'article 21 :5 (Surveillance de la mise en oeuvre des recommandations et décisions) du Mémorandum d'accord sur le règlement des différends (Mémorandum d'accord), concernant des affaires dans lesquelles les parties n'étaient pas d'accord sur le point de savoir si la décision initiale du groupe spécial avait été correctement mise en oeuvre.
Relations avec les organisations non gouvernementales
En 2010, les relations avec les organisations non gouvernementales (ONG) se sont encore développées grâce à diverses activités, comme le Forum public annuel de l'OMC, les séances d'information régulières à l'intention des ONG organisées par le Secrétariat de l'OMC, et une série de dialogues informels entre les présidents des différents groupes de négociation et les représentants de la société civile.
Introduction
The Trade Policy Review Mechanism (TPRM) was first established on a trial basis by the GATT contracting parties in April 1989. The Mechanism became a permanent feature of the World Trade Organization under the Marrakesh Agreement which established the WTO in January 1995.
Bienvenida a los nuevos Miembros
En 2012, el Consejo General aprobó el conjunto de documentos de la adhesión de la República Democrática Popular Lao (Laos) y el de la adhesión de Tayikistán. Ambos países pasaron oficialmente a ser Miembros de la OMC a principios de 2013, tras haber notificado a la Organización que sus parlamentos habían ratificado sus respectivos Protocolos de Adhesión. En los Protocolos de Adhesión se recogen los compromisos asumidos respecto de todas las normas de la OMC.
Creación de capacidad comercial
Una de las principales cuestiones que el Comité de Comercio y Desarrollo examinó en 2008 fue la creación de capacidad comercial de los países en desarrollo mediante iniciativas como la Ayuda para el Comercio, que se centró en tres prioridades claras: mejorar la vigilancia; acelerar la aplicación de proyectos; y fortalecer la identificación de los países en desarrollo con esta iniciativa. Se ofreció un total de 496 actividades de formación para funcionarios públicos.
Aid for Trade
In 2010 the work on Aid for Trade in the Committee on Trade and Development (CTD) focused on implementation of the 2010-11 Aid for Trade work programme, which embraces a wide range of partners and organizations. The WTO and the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) also began preparations for the Third Global Review of Aid for Trade, planned for July 2011.
Government Procurement Agreement
Montenegro and New Zealand joined the Government Procurement Agreement (GPA) in 2015 and negotiations were concluded on the accessions of Moldova and Ukraine. Work began on the accessions of Australia and Tajikistan while constructive discussions took place on China’s accession. Phase II of the e-GPA system, an automated market access information tool, was launched. The WTO Secretariat undertook technical assistance activities regarding GPA accession and procurement reforms, and deepened its partnerships with other international organizations.