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Trade Policy Review: Hong Kong China 2018
“Trade Policy Reviews” analyse the trade policies and practices of each member of the WTO. The reviews consist of three parts: an independent report by the WTO Secretariat, a report by the government, and the concluding remarks by the Chair of the WTO’s Trade Policy Review Body. The opening section - “key trade facts” - provides a visual overview of the WTO member’s major exports/imports, main export destinations, origins for its imports and other key data. This edition looks into the trade practices of Hong Kong, China.
Trade Policy Review: Hong Kong, China 2014
“Trade Policy Reviews” analyse the trade policies and practices of each member of the WTO. The reviews consist of three parts: an independent report by the WTO Secretariat, a report by the government, and the concluding remarks by the Chair of the WTO’s Trade Policy Review Body. The opening section - “key trade facts” - provides a visual overview of the WTO member's major exports/imports, main export destinations, origins for its imports and other key data. This edition looks into the trade practices of Hong Kong, China.
Concluding Remarks by the Chairperson of the Trade Policy Review Body, H.E. Mr. Eloi Laourou of Benin at the Trade Policy Review of Hong Kong, China, 26 and 28 November 2018
This eighth Trade Policy Review of Hong Kong, China has enabled us to take a closer look at its trade and economic policies and to deepen our understanding of developments in those policies since its previous Review in 2014. I would like to thank the delegation of Hong Kong, China, led by Ms Salina Yan, Director-General of Trade and Industry, the discussant, Ambassador Alfredo Suescum of Panama, for his insightful contribution, and the 37 Members who made interventions. Timely responses from Hong Kong, China to the large number of questions were highly appreciated. We look forward to any additional replies no later than one month after this meeting.
Evaluación de la aplicación de la facilitación del comercio en la era del comercio electrónico: análisis comparativo de Jordania, Omán y Hong Kong, China
El surgimiento del comercio electrónico está impulsando importantes cambios en las formas de realizar operaciones de comercio internacional. Ha quedado claro que las mejoras en la aplicación de la facilitación del comercio deben estar respaldadas por sistemas electrónicos. A través del estudio comparativo de una serie de informes publicados por organizaciones internacionales— la Unión Internacional de Telecomunicaciones (UIT), la Organización de Cooperación y Desarrollo Económicos (OCDE), la Conferencia de las Naciones Unidas sobre Comercio y Desarrollo (UNCTAD) y el Banco Mundial— sobre temas de comercio electrónico, logística y facilitación del comercio, analizamos la situación y el desempeño de Jordania, Omán y Hong Kong, China. Sobre la base de este análisis, Hong Kong, China registra una de las mejores prácticas en cuanto a medidas de facilitación del comercio y aduaneras modernas, y hemos constatado que la voluntad de las instituciones gubernamentales contribuye a agilizar las disposiciones relativas a la facilitación del comercio. Jordania y Omán emprendieron recientemente reformas para mejorar la facilitación del comercio, pero aún deben colmar la brecha que existe entre la política y la práctica en todas las organizaciones gubernamentales en materia de facilitación del comercio y comercio electrónico, así como crear capacidades para los ciudadanos. Al mejorar la aplicación de las medidas de facilitación del comercio y aumentar la capacidad de comercio electrónico tal y como lo ha hecho Hong Kong, China, Jordania y Omán lograrán una prosperidad comercial impulsada por la economía digital mundial.
Negotiating for Hong Kong
Hong Kong’s overall approach to the TRIPS negotiations was made clear to the other participants from an early stage: Hong Kong held itself out as the exemplar of free trade, with a mature, respected legal system, providing comprehensive protection across the range of IP to right holders.
Concluding remarks by the Chairperson of the Trade Policy Review Body, Ms. Irene Young of Hong Kong, China at the Trade Policy Review of China, 20 and 22 July 2016
This Trade Policy Review has provided an excellent opportunity for us to better understand China’s trade and investment policies. I would like to thank, once again, Vice Minister Wang Shouwen and his delegation for their constructive engagement throughout this exercise. I would also like to thank our discussant, Ambassador McCormick, for his insightful remarks; and the more than 60 delegations which had taken the floor for their active participation.
Assessing trade facilitation implementation in the era of e-commerce: a comparative analysis of Jordan, Oman and Hong Kong, China
The emergence of e-commerce is driving important changes in the ways of conducting international trade. It has become clear that improvements in trade facilitation implementation should be supported by electronic systems. Through a comparative study of a number of reports issued by international organizations – the International Telecommunication Union (ITU), the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) and the World Bank – on topics of e-commerce, logistics and trade facilitation, we examined the status and performance of Jordan, Oman and Hong Kong, China. Based on this analysis, Hong Kong, China, shows one of the best practices of modern trade facilitation and customs, and we found that governmental willingness is influential in expediting trade facilitation provisions. Jordan and Oman recently made trade reforms to improve trade facilitation, but they still need to bridge the gap between policy and actual practice in all governmental organizations in terms of trade facilitation and e-commerce, as well as build citizens’ capacity. By improving the implementation of trade facilitation measures and increasing e-commerce capacity as Hong Kong, China
Introduction
The Trade Policy Review Mechanism (TPRM) was first established on a trial basis by the GATT contracting parties in April 1989. The Mechanism became a permanent feature of the World Trade Organization under the Marrakesh Agreement which established the WTO in January 1995.
Concluding Remarks by the Chairperson of the Trade Policy Review Body, Ms. Irene Young of Hong Kong, China at the Trade Policy Review of Mexico, 5 and 7 April 2017
This Trade Policy Review has provided an opportunity for Members to better understand Mexico’s trade and investment policies. I would like to thank the Mexican delegation led by Mr Juan Carlos Baker, Under-Secretary of Foreign Trade in the Ministry of the Economy; the Discussant, H.E. Ambassador Gustavo Vanerio, Permanent Representative of Uruguay to the WTO; and all the Members who have participated in this exercise, for your invaluable contributions.
Concluding remarks by the Chairperson of the Trade Policy Review Body, Ms Irene Young of Hong Kong, China at the Trade Policy Review of the United States, 19 and 21 December 2016
This Trade Policy Review has been a very useful opportunity for Members to understand the economic, trade, and investment policies of the United States. I would like to thank the delegation led by Ambassador Michael Punke, our discussant, Ambassador Daniel Blockert, and the more than 60 delegations that had either taken the floor or had shared their written statements with us, for their valuable contributions.
Report by Hong Kong, China
Hong Kong, China (HKC) is one of the world’s most open economies with a business and investmentfriendly environment characterized by free trade, free flow of information, sound and transparent regulatory regimes, a robust legal system, simple taxation and low tax rates, and well-developed transport and telecommunications infrastructure.
Introduction
The Trade Policy Review Mechanism (TPRM) was first established on a trial basis by the GATT contracting parties in April 1989. The Mechanism became a permanent feature of the World Trade Organization under the Marrakesh Agreement which established the WTO in January 1995.
Report by the WTO Secretariat
Between 2014 and 2017, the economy of Hong Kong, China (HKC) grew at an average annual rate of 2.8%, driven mainly by domestic demand and exports, mainly to the People’s Republic of China (Mainland China). This growth rate is slightly lower than at the time of the previous Review. Services, in particular trade and finance, continued to be the mainstay of the economy, contributing 92% to GDP and 88% to total employment, and reflecting HKC’s position as a global trade and financial centre. HKC remains one of the most open economies in the world, with a trade/GDP ratio of 375%. Its investment regime remains open.
The design and operation of a bid challenge mechanism: The experience of Hong Kong, China
Under the Agreement on Government Procurement (GPA), Parties are required to establish a system of challenge procedures. Of all the Parties to the GPA, Hong Kong, China (henceforth ‘Hong Kong’) presents an interesting case study as it combines the features of a clean and effective government and a highly internationalized procurement market. In this chapter, the author examines the efforts made by the Hong Kong government to implement its obligation under the GPA to provide challenge procedures. The chapter starts by reviewing the general background to the Review Body on Bid Challenges of Hong Kong. It then discusses in detail the bid challenge procedures and how such procedural rules have been applied and elaborated through the cases that came before the Review Body. The chapter concludes by noting that the bid challenge system in Hong Kong generally conforms to its GPA obligations.
Observaciones Formuladas a Modo de Conclusión por la Presidenta Del Órgano de Examen de las Políticas Comerciales, Sra. Irene Young de Hong Kong, China en la Reunión de Examen de las Políticas Comerciales de México celebrada los días 5 y 7 de Abril de 2017
El presente examen de las políticas comerciales ha brindado a los Miembros la oportunidad de comprender mejor las políticas de comercio e inversión de México. Quisiera expresar mi agradecimiento a la delegación de México, encabezada por el Sr. Juan Carlos Baker, Subsecretario de Comercio Exterior de la Secretaría de Economía; al ponente, Excmo. Sr. Embajador Gustavo Vanerio, Representante Permanente del Uruguay ante la OMC; y a todos los Miembros que han participado en este ejercicio, por sus inestimables contribuciones.
L’évaluation de la mise en oeuvre de la facilitation des échanges à l’ère du commerce électronique : une analyse comparative de la Jordanie, d’Oman et de Hong Kong, Chine
L’émergence du commerce électronique entraîne d’importants changements dans les pratiques en matière de commerce international. Il apparaît désormais clairement que les améliorations apportées à la mise en oeuvre de la facilitation des échanges devraient être appuyées par des systèmes électroniques. Dans le cadre de l’étude comparative de plusieurs rapports publiés par des organisations internationales – la Banque mondiale, la Conférence des Nations Unies sur le commerce et le développement (CNUCED), l’Organisation de coopération et de développement économiques (OCDE) et l’Union internationale des télécommunications (UIT) – concernant des questions liées au commerce électronique, à la logistique et à la facilitation des échanges, nous avons examiné la situation et les résultats de la Jordanie, d’Oman et de Hong Kong, Chine. D’après cette analyse, Hong Kong, Chine témoigne de pratiques parmi les plus exemplaires pour ce qui est de la modernité des processus en matière de facilitation des échanges et de douanes, et nous avons constaté que la volonté des pouvoirs publics permettait d’accélérer la mise en oeuvre des dispositions sur la facilitation des échanges. La Jordanie et Oman ont récemment entrepris des réformes commerciales visant à faciliter les échanges, mais ils doivent encore combler l’écart qui existe entre la politique et la pratique dans l’ensemble des organisations gouvernementales en matière de facilitation des échanges et de commerce électronique, et un renforcement des capacités des citoyens est également nécessaire. En améliorant la mise en oeuvre des mesures de facilitation des échanges et en renforçant leurs capacités en matière de commerce électronique, à l’image de Hong Kong, Chine, la Jordanie et Oman parviendront à une prospérité commerciale portée par l’économie numérique mondiale.
États-Unis - Certaines mesures visant les produits en acier et en aluminium
Le 11 juillet 2019, l’OMC a distribué deux rapports du Groupe spécial chargé des affaires “États-Unis — Certaines mesures visant les produits en acier et en aluminium” (DS550) et “États-Unis — Certaines mesures visant les produits en acier et en aliminium” (DS551) introduites par le Canada et le Mexique, respectivement.
United States - Certain Measures on Steel and Aluminium Products
On 11 July 2019 the WTO circulated two panel report in the cases brought by Canada and Mexico in “United States — Certain Measures on Steel and Aluminium Products” (DS550) and “United States — Certain Measures on Steel and Aluminium Products” (DS551).
Estados Unidos - Determinadas medidas relativas a los productos de acero y aluminio
El 11 de julio de 2019, la OMC distribuyó dos informes del Grupo Especial que entendió en los asuntos planteados por el Canadá y México: “Estados Unidos — Determinadas medidas relativas a los productos de acero y aluminio” (DS550) y “Estados Unidos — Determinadas medidas relativas a los productos de acero y aluminio” (DS551).
United States - Certain Measures on Steel and Aluminium Products
On 11 July 2019 the WTO circulated two panel report in the cases brought by Canada and Mexico in “United States — Certain Measures on Steel and Aluminium Products” (DS550) and “United States — Certain Measures on Steel and Aluminium Products” (DS551).
Estados Unidos - Determinadas medidas relativas a los productos de acero y aluminio
El 11 de julio de 2019, la OMC distribuyó dos informes del Grupo Especial que entendió en los asuntos planteados por el Canadá y México: “Estados Unidos — Determinadas medidas relativas a los productos de acero y aluminio” (DS550) y “Estados Unidos — Determinadas medidas relativas a los productos de acero y aluminio” (DS551).
États-Unis - Certaines mesures visant les produits en acier et en aluminium
Le 11 juillet 2019, l’OMC a distribué deux rapports du Groupe spécial chargé des affaires “États-Unis — Certaines mesures visant les produits en acier et en aluminium” (DS550) et “États-Unis — Certaines mesures visant les produits en acier et en aliminium” (DS551) introduites par le Canada et le Mexique, respectivement.